Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Caenogastropoda
Ordo: Neogastropoda
Superfamilia: Muricoidea
Familia: Muricidae
Subfamilia: Rapaninae
Genera (29 + 1†): Acanthais – Agnewia – Concholepas – Cymia – Dicathais – Drupa – Drupina – Indothais – Jopas – Mancinella – Menathais – Nassa – Neorapana – Neothais – Phycothais – Pinaxia – Plicopurpura – Purpura – Rapana – Reishia – Semiricinula – Stramonita – Taurasia – Thais – Thaisella – Tribulus – Tylothais – Vasula – Vexilla – †Edithais
Name
Rapaninae Gray, 1853
Synonyms
Concholepadidae Perrier, 1897
Drupinae Wenz, 1938
Purpurellinae Bellardi, 1882 †
Purpuridae Children, 1823 (placed on the Official List by ICZN Opinion 886 with the requirement that it shall not be given precedence over Thaididae)
Thaididae Jousseaume, 1888
References
Claremont, M. et al. (online, 2012): Global phylogeny and new classification of the Rapaninae (Gastropoda: Muricidae), dominant molluscan predators on tropical rocky seashores. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.09.014
Links
Rapaninae in the World Register of Marine Species
Digital Murex[1]
Rapaninae is a subfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae.[1]
This subfamily was known as Thaidinae until 1993.
Shell description
The shell is usually more or less pyriforra, and often produced anteriorly. The spire is short. The inner lip is convex and smooth. The shells of species in this subfamily typically do not have a varix, but strong axial sculpture is often present.
The operculum is ovate, blunt. The nucleus is elongate, forming the outer or hinder edge.[2]
Genera
Genera within the subfamily Rapaninae include:
Acanthais Vermeij & Kool, 1994
Agnewia Woods, 1878
† Califrapana C. L. Powell & Houart, 2021
† Chesathais Petuch, 1988
Concholepas Lamarck, 1801
Cymia Mörch, 1860
Dicathais Iredale, 1936
Drupa Röding, 1798
Drupina Dall, 1923
† Ecphora Conrad, 1843
Indothais Claremont, Vermeij, Williams & Reid, 2013
Mancinella Link, 1807
Menathais Iredale, 1937
Nassa Röding, 1798
Neorapana Cooke, 1918
Neothais Iredale, 1912
Phycothais Tan, 2003[3]
Pinaxia Adams & Adams, 1853
Plicopurpura Cossmann, 1903
Purpura Bruguière, 1789
Rapana Schumacher, 1817
Reishia Kuroda & Habe, 1971
Semiricinula Martens, 1903
Stramonita Schumacher, 1817
Taurasia Bellardi, 1882
Thais Röding, 1798
Thaisella Clench, 1947
Tribulus Adams & Adams, 1853
Tylothais Houart, 2017
Vasula Mörch, 1860
Vexilla Swainson, 1840
Genera brought into synonymy
Canrena Link, 1807 : synonym of Drupa Röding, 1798
Conchopatella Herrmannsen, 1847 : synonym of Concholepas Lamarck, 1801
Conchulus Rafinesque, 1815 : synonym of Concholepas Lamarck, 1801
Conothais Kuroda, 1930 : synonym of Pinaxia Adams & Adams, 1853
Cuma Swainson, 1840 : synonym of Cymia Mörch, 1860
Cumopsis Rovereto, 1899 : synonym of Cymia Mörch, 1860
Iopas Adams & Adams, 1853 : synonym of Nassa Röding, 1798
Menathais Iredale, 1937 : synonym of Thais (Thalessa) H. & Adams, 1853
Microtoma Swainson, 1840 : synonym of Plicopurpura Cossmann, 1903
Patellipurpura Dall, 1909 : synonym of Plicopurpura Cossmann, 1903
Pentadactylus Mörch, 1852 : synonym of Drupa Röding, 1798
Planithais Bayle in Fischer, 1884 : synonym of Tribulus Adams & Adams, 1853
Provexillum Hedley, 1918 : synonym of Vexilla Swainson, 1840
Purpura Röding, 1798 : synonym of Trunculariopsis Cossmann, 1921
Purpurella Dall, 1872 : synonym of Plicopurpura Cossmann, 1903
Ricinella Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Drupa Röding, 1798
Ricinula Lamarck, 1816 : synonym of Drupa Röding, 1798
Simplicotaurasia Sacco, 1890 : synonym of Taurasia Bellardi, 1882
Sistrum Montfort, 1810 : synonym of Drupa Röding, 1798
References
Houart, R. (2011). Rapaninae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196295 on 2011-03-01
Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853-1858). The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. London, van Voorst. Vol. 1: xl + 484 pp.; vol. 2: 661 pp.; vol. 3: 138 pls
Tan, K.S. (2003). "Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomy of some southern Australia and New Zealand Muricidae (Mollusca: Neogastropoda)". Journal of Natural History. 37 (8): 911–1028. doi:10.1080/00222930110120610. S2CID 83502042.
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