Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Cephalopoda
Subclassis: Coleoidea
Cohors: Neocoleoidea
SuperOrdo: Decapodiformes
Ordo: Teuthida
SubOrdo: Oegopsina
Familia: Ommastrephidae
Subfamilia: Ommastrephinae
Genera: Dosidicus – Eucleoteuthis – Hyaloteuthis – Ommastrephes – Ornithoteuthis – Sthenoteuthis
Name
Ommastrephinae Posselt, 1891
References
Posselt, H. 1891, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening: Kjøbenhavn, 1890: 301–359
Ommastrephinae is a subfamily of squids under the family Ommastrephidae.
Description
Ommastrephinae includes the largest species of squids belonging to the family Ommastrephidae, Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) which can grow to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) in mantle length (ML).[3] It also contains the smallest squid species belonging to the family, the glass squid (Hyaloteuthis pelagica) which has a mantle length of only up to 9 cm (3.5 in).[4] Ommastrephinae are mostly pelagic members of the family Ommastrephidae. Some species of the subfamily (notably Sthenoteuthis and Ommastrephes) are known for their behavior of leaping out of the water (hence the common name 'flying squid').[5]
Taxonomy
The name of the subfamily, like the family itself and one of its member genera, Ommastrephes, comes from Greek ὄμμα ('eye') and -strephes ('rolling').[6] They were first described by H.J. Posselt in 1891.
List of genera
Eight species of squids are recognized under Ommastrephinae, divided among six genera. They are the following:
Genus Dosidicus
Dosidicus gigas, Humboldt squid, jumbo flying squid or jumbo squid
Genus Eucleoteuthis
Eucleoteuthis luminosa, striped squid or luminous flying squid
Genus Hyaloteuthis
Hyaloteuthis pelagica, glass squid or glassy flying squid
Genus Ommastrephes
Ommastrephes bartramii, neon flying squid or red flying squid
Genus Ornithoteuthis
Ornithoteuthis antillarum, Atlantic bird squid
Ornithoteuthis volatilis, shiny bird squid
Genus Sthenoteuthis
Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, purpleback squid or purpleback flying squid
Sthenoteuthis pteropus, orangeback squid or orangeback flying squid
References
"Statoliths of Cenozoic teuthoid cephalopods from North America | The Palaeontological Association". www.palass.org. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
"Ommastrephinae Posselt, 1891: Taxonomic Serial No.: 555745". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. January 23, 2011. Retrieved January 25, 2011.
Glaubrecht, M. & M.A. Salcedo-Vargas 2004. The Humboldt squid Dosidicus gigas (Orbigny, 1835): History of the Berlin specimen, with a reappraisal of other (bathy-)pelagic gigantic cephalopods (Mollusca, Ommastrephidae, Architeuthidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 80(1): 53–69.
Nesis, K. N. 1982. Abridged key to the cephalopod mollusks of the world's ocean. 385,ii pp. Light and Food Industry Publishing House, Moscow. (In Russian.). Translated into English by B. S. Levitov, ed. by L. A. Burgess (1987), Cephalopods of the world. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 351pp.
Ferris Jabr (August 2, 2010). "Fact or Fiction: Can a Squid Fly Out of the Water?". Scientific American. Retrieved January 24, 2011.
Nixon, Marion; Young, John Zachary (2003). The brains and lives of cephalopods. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-852761-6.
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