Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Acanthuriformes
Subordo: Acanthuroidei
Familia: Acanthuridae
Genus: Zebrasoma
Species: Zebrasoma desjardinii
Name
Zebrasoma desjardinii (Bennett, 1836)
References
ITIS
Vernacular names
English: Red Sea sailfin tang
The Red Sea sailfin tang or Desjardin's sailfin tang (Zebrasoma desjardinii) is a marine reef tang in the fish family Acanthuridae.
Description
Zebrasoma desjardinii grows to a maximum length of 40 cm (16 in), with sexual dimorphism producing males that are larger than females. This species shows the typical morphology of the family Acanthuridae. The body is oval or disc-shaped, with erectile and much elevated dorsal and anal fins. The coloration may vary from one individual to another and within the same individual, depending on age. In general, the upper side of the body alternates orange and dark blue vertical bands, with a larger blue band on the eyes, a spotted ventral region and numerous white spots on the head. The dorsal and anal fins have a pattern of horizontal alternate orange and blue bands. The caudal fin shows white spots and lines.
Like most surgeonfish on each side of the caudal fin, in the middle of the caudal peduncle, there is a defensive dark spine surrounded by a blue zone. This spine is hinged and may unfold to 80°.
In comparison to Zebrasoma veliferum, the adult Red Sea sailfin tang has fewer anal fin rays (22-24 instead of 23-26) and different markings on the tail. As a juvenile, the two species are almost indistinguishable in color and markings.
Zebrasoma desjardinii displaying its soft dorsal and anal fins
Behavior
Adults usually can be found in pairs, while juveniles are solitary. When threatened, these fishes display their large ventral and dorsal fins. They feed primarily on filamentous algae, various macroalgae and plankton. However, individuals were regularly observed feeding on jellyfish (Scyphozoa) and comb jellies (Ctenophora) in the Red Sea.[2] They are pair spawners, a typical trait of other fish in the genus Zebrasoma. This differs from the group spawning typical of the family Acanthuridae.
Distribution
This species is widespread in the Indian Ocean from the northern Red Sea to KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa and as far east as India and Java.
Habitat
Red Sea sailfin tangs natively live in lagoons and reefs in a tropical climate. The juvenile fishes live in the inner reef areas. They prefer saltwater with a specific gravity of 1.020 - 1.025, a pH between 8.1 and 8.4 and an ideal temperature range of 22 - 26 C (72 - 78 F). They may live at water depths of 2 – 30 m (6.5 – 100 ft) or more.
In the aquarium
The Red Sea Sailfin Tang is considered to be a moderately difficult fish to keep in captivity. Most Red Sea Sailfin Tangs kept in private aquaria are wild-caught as it is very difficult to breed them in captivity. They require a minimum tank size of 125 gallons (473 liters) and large quantities of live rock. They normally live for 5 to 7 years in captivity.
Bibliography
Sprung, Julian y Delbeek, J.Charles. - The Reef Aquarium. Ricordea Publishing. 1994.
Debelius, Helmut y Baensch, Hans A. Atlas Marino. Mergus. 1997.
Michael, Scott W. (en inglés) Reef aquarium fishes. Microcosm.T.F.H. 2005.
Nilsen, A.J. y Fossa, S.A. - Reef Secrets. TFH Publications .2002.
References
Abesamis, R.; Choat, J.H.; McIlwain, J.; Clements, K.D.; Myers, R.; Rocha, L.A.; Nanola, C.; Russell, B.; Stockwell, B. (2012). "Zebrasoma desjardinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T178024A1524628. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T178024A1524628.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Bos A.R., Cruz-Rivera E. and Sanad A.M. (2016). "Herbivorous fishes Siganus rivulatus (Siganidae) and Zebrasoma desjardinii (Acanthuridae) feed on Ctenophora and Scyphozoa in the Red Sea". Marine Biodiversity. doi:10.1007/s12526-016-0454-9.
Brough, David. CFS. (2004). "Desjardin's Sailfin Tang". Animal World. Exotic Tropicals. Retrieved July 5, 2005.
"Sailfin Tang". Marine Depot Live. Retrieved July 5, 2005.
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