Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Perciformes
Subordo: Percoidei
Superfamilia: Percoidea
Familia: Sciaenidae
Genus: Umbrina
Species: †U. abbreviata – U. analis – †U. bananensis – U. broussonnetii – U. bussingi – U. canariensis – U. canosai – U. cirrosa – U. coroides – U. dorsalis – U. galapagorum – U. imberbis – †U. laxa – U. milliae – †U. opima – U. reedi – U. robinsoni – U. roncador – U. ronchus – U. steindachneri – †U. sublima – †U. surda – U. wintersteeni – U. xanti
Name
Umbrina Cuvier, 1816: 297
Type species: Sciaena cirrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Type by monotypy.
Synonyms
Asperina Ostroumoff, 1896: 30
Attilus Gistel, 1848: 109
References
Cuvier G.L. 1816–1817. Le Règne Animal distribué d'après son organisation pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée. Avec Figures, dessinées d'après nature. Tome II. Contenant Les reptiles, les poissons, les mollusques et les annélides. Edition 1, Deterville, Paris. pp. i–xviii + 1–532. [Pls. 9–10, in v. 4] DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.41460 BHL Reference page. [original description: p. 297]
Umbrina – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Umbrina species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2022. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 08/2021.
Vernacular names
Umbrina is a genus of fish from the croaker family Sciaenidae. The genus contains 17 species occurring in tropical and warm temperate waters of the Atlantic, the Mediterranean, the Western Indian Ocean and the eastern Pacific.
Description
The species of the genus Umbrina are elongated, laterally compressed fishes with a rounded belly. The head is lower than the relatively high back. The mouth is small and set below the midline with a short, there is a short, stocky barbel on the chin with a pore at the end and two pores om wither side of the base. The eye is medium-sized and the diameter is a quarter of the length of the head. The teeth sit in two rows per jaw, of which the outer is larger in the upper jaw. The edge of the scales are finely serrated. The body is dark brown or silver-colored and has opaque stripes or vertical bars. The first dorsal fin is short and has ten thin hard rays. The second, long spine has 25 to 30 soft rays. The small anal fin has two hard and five to eight soft rays.[4][5]
Species
Currently, 17 species are recognized in the genus:[1]
Umbrina analis Günther, 1868 Longspine drum
Umbrina broussonnetii Cuvier, 1830 Striped drum
Umbrina bussingi López S., 1980 Bussing's drum
Umbrina canariensis Valenciennes, 1843 Canary drum
Umbrina canosai Berg, 1895 Argentine croaker
Umbrina cirrosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Shi drum
Umbrina coroides Cuvier, 1830 Sand drum
Umbrina dorsalis Gill, 1862 Longfin drum
Umbrina galapagorum Steindachner, 1878 Galápagos drum
Umbrina imberbis Günther, 1873
Umbrina milliae Miller, 1971
Umbrina reedi Günther, 1880
Umbrina roncador Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 Yellowfin drum
Umbrina ronchus Valenciennes, 1843 Fusca drum
Umbrina steindachneri Cadenat 1951 Steindachner's drum
Umbrina wintersteeni Walker & Radford, 1992 Wintersteen drum
Umbrina xanti Gill, 1862 Polla drum
Etymology
The name of the genus, Umbrina, is derived from the Latin umbra, meaning a shadow or phantom, referring to the fish's rapid movements.[6]
References
"Scientific Names where Genus Equals Umbrina". Fishbase.org. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
N. Bailly (2014). "Umbrina Cuvier, 1816". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
"Umbrina Cuvier, 1817". GBIF.org. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
Carpenter, K.E. (ed.) (2002). The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Volume 3. Bony fishes part 2 (Ophistognathidae to Molidae) sea turtles and marine mammals. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 92-5-104827-4.
"Umbrina". Discover Life. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
"Umbrina cirrosa (Linnaeus, 1758)". Fishbase.org. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
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