Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Gymnotiformes
Familia: Sternopygidae
Genus: Sternopygus
Sternopygus macrurus
Sternopygus is a genus of glass knifefishes found in tropical and subtropical South America (south to the Río de la Plata Basin), and Panama. They inhabit a wide range of freshwater habitats, from fast-flowing rivers to essentially static waters in floodplains, and shallow habitats to the bottom of deep rivers. S. macrurus will even visit brackish mangrove to feed.[1]
They are medium to large knifefish, with a maximum total length of 23–140 cm (0.8–4.6 ft) depending on the exact species.[1][2] They feed on invertebrates, small fish and fruits.[1] Most members of Gymnotiformes are nocturnal, but Sternopygus are both nocturnal[1] and diurnal.[3]
Species
There are currently eleven recognized species in this genus.[2][4][5]
Sternopygus aequilabiatus (Humboldt, 1805)
Sternopygus arenatus (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850)
Sternopygus astrabes Mago-Leccia, 1994
Sternopygus branco Crampton, Hulen & Albert, 2004
Sternopygus dariensis Meek & Hildebrand 1916
Sternopygus macrurus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Longtail knifefish)
Sternopygus obtusirostris Steindachner, 1881
Sternopygus pejeraton L. P. Schultz, 1949
Sternopygus sabaji Torgersen & Albert, 2022
Sternopygus sarae Torgersen, Galindo-Cuervo, Reis & Albert, 2023
Sternopygus xingu Albert & W. L. Fink, 1996
References
van der Sleen, P.; J.S. Albert, eds. (2017). Field Guide to the Fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Guianas. Princeton University Press. pp. 344–345. ISBN 978-0691170749.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Sternopygus in FishBase. December 2017 version.
Galvis; Mojica; Duque; Castellanos; Sánchez-Duarte; Arce; Gutiérrez; Jiménez; Santos; Vejarano; Arbeláez; Prieto; Leiva (2006). Peces del medio Amazonas, Región de Leticia (in Spanish). Conservación Internacional. p. 358. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252006000400011. ISBN 978-958-97690-6-5.
Torgersen, Kevin T.; Albert, James S. (November 2022). "A New Species of Sternopygus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Atlantic Coast of the Guiana Shield". Ichthyology & Herpetology. 110 (4): 714–727. doi:10.1643/i2022013. ISSN 2766-1512.
Eschmeyer, W.N.; R. Fricke; R. van der Laan (8 May 2018). "Catalog of Fishes". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
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