Simpsonichthys

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Atherinomorphae
Ordo: Cyprinodontiformes
Subordo: Aplocheiloidei

Familia: Rivulidae
Genus: Simpsonichthys
Subgenera (3): S. (Simpsonichthys) – S. (Spectrolebias) – S. (Xenurolebias)
Overview of species (40):

S. antenori – S. boitonei – S. bokermanni – S. chacoensis – S. cholopteryx – S. constanciae – S. costai – S. espinhacensis – S. fasciatus – S. filamentosus – S. flavicaudatus – S. gibberatus – S. harmonicus – S. igneus – S. inaequipinnatus – S. izecksohni – S. macaubensis – S. margaritatus – S. marginatus – S. margaritatus – S. multiradiatus – S. myersi – S. nielseni – S. nigromaculatus – S. notatus – S. parallelus – S. perpendicularis – S. punctulatus – S. reticulatus – S. rosaceus – S. santanae – S. semiocellatus – S. similis – S. stellatus – S. suzarti – S. trilineatus – S. zonatus
Name

Simpsonichthys Carvalho, 1959.

Type species: Simpsonichthys boitonei Carvalho, 1959
References

Costa, W.J.E.M. 2008. Simpsonichthys longignatus, a new seasonal killifish of the S. flammeus group from the Pacoti River basin, northeastern Brazil (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). Ichthyological exploration of freshwaters 19(2): 155–159 Abstract & excerpt (PDF).
Costa, W.J.E.M. 2010. Historical biogeography of cynolebiasine annual killifishes inferred from dispersal-vicariance analysis. Journal of Biogeography 37: 1995–2004. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02339.x
Nielsen, D.T.B. et al. 2010. A new species of Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the rio São Francisco basin, northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 2452: 51–58. Abstract & excerpt (PDF).
Nielsen, D.T.B., Pessali, T.C. & Dutra, G.M. 2017. A new annual fish of the genus Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Cynolebiidae) from the upper Rio Jequitinhonha basin, Brazil. Zootaxa 4263(1): 165–172. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.1.8. Reference page.
Ponzetto, J.M. et al. 2016. Phylogenetic relationships of Simpsonichthys subgenera (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), including a proposal for a new genus. Zoologica scripta 45(4): 394–406. DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12159 Reference page.

Links

ION
Nomenclator Zoologicus
Simpsonichthys species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2022. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 08/2021.
Simpsonichthys and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2022. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.

Simpsonichthys is a genus of killifish from the family Rivulidae the species of which are endemic to temporary freshwater habitats like ponds in the upper Paraná, upper Araguaia, upper Jequitinhonha and São Francisco basins on the central Brazilian Plateau.[1] They are small annual killifish that reach up to 5.5 cm (2.2 in) in standard length.[2][3]
Species
Simpsonichthys boitonei

As delineated by Fishbase the following species are included within the genus Simpsonichthys:

Simpsonichthys alternatus (W. J. E. M. Costa & G. C. Brasil, 1994)
Simpsonichthys boitonei A. L. de Carvalho, 1959 (Lyrefin pearlfish)
Simpsonichthys bokermanni (Carvalho, da & Cruz, 1987)
Simpsonichthys cholopteryx W. J. E. M. Costa, C. L. R. Moreira & F. C. T. Lima, 2003
Simpsonichthys constanciae (G. S. Myers), 1942 (Featherfin pearlfish)
Simpsonichthys delucai Costa, 2003
Simpsonichthys espinhacensis Nielsen, Pessali & Dutra, 2017[4]
Simpsonichthys fasciatus Costa & Brasil, 2006
Simpsonichthys gibberatus Costa & Brasil, 2006
Simpsonichthys margaritatus Costa, 2012
Simpsonichthys marginatus Costa & Brasil, 1996
Simpsonichthys multiradiatus Costa & Brasil, 1994
Simpsonichthys nielseni Costa, 2005
Simpsonichthys nigromaculatus Costa, 2007
Simpsonichthys ocellatus Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001
Simpsonichthys parallelus Costa, 2000
Simpsonichthys perpendicularis Costa, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001
Simpsonichthys punctulatus Costa & Brasil, 2007
Simpsonichthys rosaceus Costa, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001
Simpsonichthys rufus Costa, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001
Simpsonichthys santanae (Shibatta & Garavello, 1992)
Simpsonichthys similis Costa & Hellner, 1999
Simpsonichthys stellatus (Costa & Brasil, 1994)
Simpsonichthys suzarti Costa, 2004
Simpsonichthys trilineatus (Costa & Brasil, 1994)
Simpsonichthys virgulatus (Costa & Brasil, 2006)
Simpsonichthys zonatus (Costa & Brasil, 1990)

Simpsonichthys sensu lato was formerly one of the larger genera in the family, but four former subgenera were elevated to full genera in 2010: Hypsolebias, Ophthalmolebias, Spectrolebias and Xenurolebias.[5] Some uncertainty remains, with one genetic study supporting them,[6] while another genetic study indicates that Simpsonichthys (sensu stricto), Hypsolebias and Spectrolebias are not monophyletic.[7]

With these as separate genera, there are currently 9 recognized species in Simpsonichthys:[1][2]

Simpsonichthys boitonei
Simpsonichthys cholopteryx
Simpsonichthys espinhacensis
Simpsonichthys margaritatus
Simpsonichthys nigromaculatus
Simpsonichthys parallelus
Simpsonichthys punctulatus
Simpsonichthys santanae
Simpsonichthys zonatus

The name of this genus is a compound of the name of a friend of Antenor Leitão de Carvalho's, Charles J. Simpson of San Francisco, and the Greek for fish, ichthys.[8]
References

Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Simpsonichthys". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
Loureiro, M.; R. De Sá; S.W. Serra; F. Alonso; L.E.K. Lanés; M.V. Volcan; P. Calviño; D. Nielsen; A. Duarte; G. Garcia (2018). "Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998". Neotropical Ichthyology. 16 (3): e180007. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20180007.
Berois, N.; G. García; R.O. de Sá, eds. (2015). Annual Fishes: Life History Strategy, Diversity, and Evolution. CRC Press. p. 24. ISBN 9781482299717.
Dalton Tavares Bressane Nielsen; Tiago C. Pessali & Guilherme Dutra (2017). "A new annual fish of the genus Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Cynolebiidae) from the upper Rio Jequitinhonha basin, Brazil". Zootaxa. 4263 (1): 165–172. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4263.1.8. PMID 28609886. Abstract
Costa, W.J.E.M. (2010). "Historical biogeography of cynolebiasine annual killifishes inferred from dispersal–vicariance analysis". Journal of Biogeography. 37 (10): no. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02339.x. S2CID 86190659.
Costa, W.J.E.M.; P.F. Amorim; J.L.O. Mattos; A.L. Alves (2017). "Molecular phylogeny and timing of diversification in South American Cynolebiini seasonal killifishes". Mol Phylogenet Evol. 116: 61–68. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.020. PMID 28754241.
Ponzetto, J.M.; R. Britzke; D.T.B. Nielsen; P.P. Parise-Maltempi; A.L. Alves (2016). "Phylogenetic relationships of Simpsonichthys subgenera (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), including a proposal for a new genus". Zoologica Scripta. 45 (4): 394–406. doi:10.1111/zsc.12159. S2CID 86027315.
Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara (5 September 2019). "Order CYPRINODONTIFORMES: Family RIVULIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 16 September 2019.