Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Centrarchiformes
Subordo: Terapontoidei
Familia: Kyphosidae
Subfamilia: Scorpidinae
Genera (4): Bathystethus - Labracoglossa - Medialuna - Scorpis
Vernacular names
English: Halfmoons
The Scorpidinae, commonly known as halfmoons, knifefishes, and sweeps, are a subfamily of the family Kyphosidae, the sea chubs, a family of marine fish in the order Perciformes.[2] The Scorpidinae are distributed throughout the Pacific and east Indian Oceans, with species occurring in the waters of North America, South America, Asia, Australia, and numerous islands. Most inhabit the continental shelf in shallow rock and kelp reefs and deeper offshore reefs, whilst others are found well offshore in a pelagic setting. Most of the Scorpidinae are carnivorous, taking a variety of small crustaceans, although some are partly herbivorous. A number of the larger species are fished commercially and recreationally, and are considered good table fish.
Classification
Fishbase lists 12 species in 5 genera under the subfamily Scorpidinae, the genera are set out below[3]
Bathystethus Gill, 1893
Labracoglossa Peters, 1866
Medialuna Jordan & Fesler, 1893
Neoscorpis J.L.B. Smith, 1931
Scorpis Valenciennes, 1832
The 5th edition of Fishes of the World includes Neoscorpis within the subfamily Scorpidinae[2] but other authorities place it within the Kyphosinae, although these authorities usually classify the subfamilies of the Kyphosidae as families.[4]
References
Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 440–441. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2019). "Kyphosidae" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Scorpdidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
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