Sarotherodon

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Cichlomorphae
Ordo: Cichliformes

Familia: Cichlidae
Subfamilia: Pseudocrenilabrinae
Tribus: Oreochromini
Genus: Sarotherodon
Species (13): S. caroli – S. caudomarginatus – S. galilaeus – S. knauerae – S. lamprechti – S. linnellii – S. lohbergeri – S. melanotheron – S. mvogoi – S. nigripinnis – S. occidentalis – S. steinbachi – S. tournieri
Name

Sarotherodon Rüppell, 1852: 21

Type species: Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852
Type by monotypy
Gender: masculine
Type species conserved and genus name placed on Official List (Opinion 1548)

References

Neumann, D.; Stiassny, M.L.J.; Schliewen, U.K. 2011: Two new sympatric Sarotherodon species (Pisces: Cichlidae) endemic to Lake Ejagham, Cameroon, west-central Africa, with comments on the Sarotherodon galilaeus species complex. Zootaxa, 2765: 1–20. Preview
Rüppell, W.P.E.S. 1852: Verzeichniss der in dem Museum der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft aufgestellten Sammlungen. Vierte Abtheilung. Fische und deren Skelette. Frankfurt-am-Main. Fische und deren Skelette: 1–40.
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1989: OPINION 1548 Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852 (Osteichthyes, Perciformes): specific name conserved. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 46 (2): 152. ISSN: 0007-5167. BioStor
Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. 1969: An annotated bibliography of Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae). Documentation Zoologique / Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, No. 14: i-xl + 1-406. (Date of this reference is 1969 not 1968 per the authoritative Catalog of Fishes)

Links

ION
Nomenclator Zoologicus

Sarotherodon galilaeus

Sarotherodon is a genus of oreochromine cichlids that are native to the northern half of Africa (south as far as the Congo River basin), with a single species, S. galilaeus, also ranging into the Levant. A couple of species from this genus have been introduced far outside their native range, and are important in aquaculture (S. galilaeus and to a lesser degree S. melanotheron). Most other species have small ranges and some are seriously threatened. They mainly inhabit fresh and brackish water, but a few can live in salt water (at least for a period). Species in this genus, as well as those in several other oreochromine and tilapiine genera, share the common name "tilapia" and historically they were included in the genus Tilapia.[1]

Based on mtDNA sequence analysis, there seem to be several clades in this genus, and a few species of the much larger genus Oreochromis (such as Oreochromis urolepis and the blue tilapia O. aureus) seem closer to Sarotherodon according to the mtDNA data (see discussion at Wami tilapia). Research is hampered by the fact that hybridization runs rampant in these fishes, which confounds mtDNA data, and that the fast speed of evolution makes choice of appropriate nuclear DNA sequences difficult.[2]
Species

There are currently 13 recognized species in this genus:[3]

Sarotherodon caroli (Holly, 1930) (Fissi)
Sarotherodon caudomarginatus (Boulenger, 1916)
Sarotherodon galilaeus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Sarotherodon galilaeus borkuanus (Pellegrin, 1919)
Sarotherodon galilaeus boulengeri (Pellegrin, 1903)
Sarotherodon galilaeus galilaeus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mango tilapia)
Sarotherodon galilaeus multifasciatus (Günther, 1903)
Sarotherodon galilaeus sanagaensis (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1966)
Sarotherodon knauerae D. Neumann, Stiassny & Schliewen, 2011
Sarotherodon lamprechti D. Neumann, Stiassny & Schliewen, 2011
Sarotherodon linnellii (Lönnberg, 1903) (Blackfin tilapia)
Sarotherodon lohbergeri (Holly, 1930) (Keppi)
Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852
Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii (A. H. A. Duméril, 1861)
Sarotherodon melanotheron leonensis (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1971)
Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron Rüppell, 1852 (Blackchin tilapia)
Sarotherodon mvogoi (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1965)
Sarotherodon nigripinnis (Guichenot, 1861)
Sarotherodon nigripinnis dolloi (Boulenger, 1899)
Sarotherodon nigripinnis nigripinnis (Guichenot, 1861)
Sarotherodon occidentalis (Daget, 1962)
Sarotherodon steinbachi (Trewavas, 1962) (Kululu)
Sarotherodon tournieri (Daget, 1965)
Sarotherodon tournieri liberiensis (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1971)
Sarotherodon tournieri tournieri (Daget, 1965)

References

Andreas R.Dunz & Ulrich K.Schliewen (2013). "Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as Tilapia". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 68 (1): 64–80. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015. PMID 23542002.
Nagl, Sandra; Tichy, Herbert; Mayer, Werner E.; Samonte, Irene E.; McAndrew, Brendan J. & Klein, Jan (2001): Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20(3): 361–374. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.0979
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). Species of Sarotherodon in FishBase. April 2013 version.