Pseudocrenilabrinae

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Cichlomorphae
Ordo: Cichliformes

Familia: Cichlidae
Subfamilia: Pseudocrenilabrinae
Tribus (24): Bathybatini – Benthochromini – Boulengerochromini – Chromidotilapiini – Coelotilapiini – Coptodonini – Cyphotilapiini – Cyprichromini – Ectodini – Eretmodini – Etiini – Gobiocichlini – Haplochromini – Hemichromini – Heterotilapiini – Lamprologini – Limnochromini – Oreochromini – Pelmatolapiini – Perissodini – Steatocranini – Tilapiini – Tropheini – Tylochromini
Overview of genera (176)

Abactochromis – Alticorpus – Altolamprologus – Anomalochromis – Aristochromis – Asprotilapia – Astatoreochromis – Astatotilapia – Aulonocara – Aulonocranus – Baileychromis – Bathybates – Benitochromis – Benthochromis – Boulengerochromis – Buccochromis – Callochromis – Caprichromis – Cardiopharynx – Chalinochromis – Champsochromis – Cheilochromis – Chetia – Chilochromis – Chilotilapia – Chindongo – Chromidotilapia – Coelotilapia – Congochromis – Congolapia – Copadichromis – Coptodon – Corematodus – Ctenochromis – Ctenopharynx – Cunningtonia – Cyathochromis – Cyathopharynx – Cyclopharynx – Cynotilapia – Cyphotilapia – Cyprichromis – Cyrtocara – Danakilia – Dimidiochromis – Diplotaxodon – Divandu – Docimodus – Ectodus – Enantiopus – Enigmatochromis – Eretmodus – Etia – Exochochromis – Fossorochromis – Genyochromis – Gephyrochromis – Gnathochromis – Gobiocichla – Grammatotria – Greenwoodochromis – Haplochromis – Haplotaxodon – Hemibates – Hemichromis – Hemitaeniochromis – Hemitilapia – Heterotilapia – Interochromis – Iodotropheus – Iranocichla – Julidochromis – Konia – Labeotropheus – Labidochromis – Lamprologus – Lepidiolamprologus – Lestradea – Lethrinops – Lichnochromis – Limbochromis – Limnochromis – Limnotilapia – Lithochromis – Lobochilotes – Lufubuchromis – Maylandia – Mbipia – Melanochromis – Microdontochromis – Myaka – Mylochromis – Naevochromis – Nanochromis – Neochromis – Neolamprologus – Nimbochromis – Nyassachromis – Ophthalmotilapia – Oreochromis – Orthochromis – Otopharynx – Oxylapia – Palaeoplex – Pallidochromis – Paracyprichromis – Paragobiocichla – Paralabidochromis – Parananochromis – Pelmatochromis – Pelmatolapia – Pelvicachromis – Perissodus – Petrochromis – Petrotilapia – Pharyngochromis – Placidochromis – Platytaeniodus – Plecodus – Protomelas – Pseudocrenilabrus – Pseudosimochromis – Pseudotropheus – Pterochromis – Pundamilia – Pungu – Pyxichromis – Reganochromis – Rhamphochromis – Rubricatochromis – Sargochromis – Sarotherodon – Schubotzia – Schwetzochromis – Sciaenochromis – Serranochromis – Simochromis – Spathodus – Steatocranus – Stigmatochromis – Stomatepia – Taeniochromis – Taeniolethrinops – Tangachromis – Tanganicodus – Teleogramma – Telmatochromis – Thoracochromis – Thysochromis – Tilapia – Tramitichromis – Trematocara – Trematochromis – Trematocranus – Triglachromis – Tristramella – Tropheus – Tylochromis – Tyrannochromis – Variabilichromis – Wallaceochromis – Xenochromis – Xenotilapia – †Baringochromis – †Kalyptochromis – †Libyachromis – †Macfadyena – †Mahengechromis – †Nderechromis – †Oreochromimos – †Palaeochromis – †Palaeofulu – †Rebekkachromis – †Rhodopotilapia – †Tugenchromis – †Warilochromis

Genera overview: Alcolapia - - - - Aristochromis - Astatoreochromis - Astatotilapia - Aulonocara - Aulonocranus - Baileychromis - Bathybates - Benitochromis - Benthochromis - Boulengerochromis - Buccochromis - Callochromis - Caprichromis - Cardiopharynx - Chalinochromis - Champsochromis - Cheilochromis - Chetia - Chilochromis - Chilotilapia - Chromidotilapia - Congochromis - Copadichromis - Corematodus - Ctenochromis - Ctenopharynx - Cunningtonia - Cyathochromis - Cyathopharynx - Cyclopharynx - Cynotilapia - Cyphotilapia - Cyprichromis - Cyrtocara - Danakilia - Dimidiochromis - Diplotaxodon - Docimodus - Eclectochromis - Ectodus - Enantiopus - Eretmodus - Exochochromis - Fossorochromis - Genyochromis - Gephyrochromis - Gnathochromis - Gobiocichla - Grammatotria - Greenwoodochromis - Haplochromis - Haplotaxodon - Hemibates - Hemichromis - Hemitaeniochromis - Hemitilapia - Hoplotilapia - Interochromis - Iodotropheus - Iranocichla - Julidochromis - Konia - Labeotropheus - Labidochromis - Lamprologus - Lepidiolamprologus - Lestradea - Lethrinops - Lichnochromis - Limbochromis - Limnochromis - Limnotilapia - Lithochromis - Lobochilotes - Macropleurodus - Maravichromis - Maylandia - Mbipia - Melanochromis - Microchromis - Myaka - Mylochromis - Naevochromis - Nanochromis - Neochromis - Neolamprologus - Nimbochromis - Nyassachromis - Ophthalmotilapia - Oreochromis - Orthochromis - Otopharynx - Oxylapia - Pallidochromis - Paracyprichromis - Paralabidochromis - Parananochromis - Paratilapia - Pelmatochromis - Pelvicachromis - Perissodus - Petrochromis - Petrotilapia - Pharyngochromis - Placidochromis - Platytaeniodus - Plecodus - Protomelas - Pseudocrenilabrus - Pseudosimochromis - Pseudotropheus - Pterochromis - Ptychochromoides - Pundamilia - Pungu - Pyxichromis - Reganochromis - Rhamphochromis - Sargochromis - Sarotherodon - Schubotzia - Schwetzochromis - Sciaenochromis - Serranochromis - Simochromis - Spathodus - Steatocranus - Stigmatochromis - Stomatepia - Taeniochromis - Taeniolethrinops - Tangachromis - Tanganicodus - Teleogramma - Telmatochromis - Thoracochromis - Thysochromis - Tilapia - Tramitichromis

Name

Pseudocrenilabrinae Fowler, 1934
References

Altner, M., Ruthensteiner, B., & Reichenbacher, B. (2020): New haplochromine cichlid from the upper Miocene (9–10 MYA) of Central Kenya. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 20 (65): 1-26. DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01602-x
Dunz, A. R. & Schliewen, U. K.; (2013): Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as “Tilapia”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 68: 64–80. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015
Farias I.P., G. Orti & A. Meyer 2000: Total Evidence: Molecules, Morphology, and the Phylogenetics of Cichlid Fishes, Journal of Experimental Zoology (Mol Dev Evol), 288: 76–92. [1]
Fowler, H.W. 1934. Fishes obtained by Mr. H. W. Bell-Marley chiefly in Natal and Zululand in 1929 to 1932. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 86: 405–514. Reference page.
Hoerner, M.E. (early view, 2011): Testing for differences in rates of speciation, extinction, and morphological evolution in four tribes of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. Evolution, DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01390.x
Li, S., Konings, A.F. & Stauffer, J.R. Jr. 2016. A Revision of the Pseudotropheus elongatus species group (Teleostei: Cichlidae) With Description of a New Genus and Seven New Species. Zootaxa 4168(2): 353–381. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4168.2.9. Reference page.
John S. Sparks & Wm. Leo Smith 2005: Phylogeny and biogeography of cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae). Cladistics, 20 (6): 501–517. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2004.00038.x

Links

Pseudocrenilabrinae species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Genera of Pseudocrenilabrinae (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.

Vernacular names
English: African Cichlids
español: Pseudocrenilabrinos, Cíclidos africanos
ไทย: ปลาหมอสีแอฟริกา

The Pseudocrenilabrinae are a subfamily in the cichlid family of fishes to which, according to a study from 2004, includes all the Middle Eastern and African cichlids with the exception of the unusual Heterochromis multidens and the Malagasy species.[2] This subfamily includes more than 1,100 species. Previous authors recognized additional African subfamilies, e.g. the Tilapiinae of Hoedeman (1947), Tylochrominae of Poll (1986), or Boulengerochrominae of Tawil (2001).

This subfamily includes the cichlids from the African Great Lakes, such as the utaka and mbuna in Lake Malawi, and various species from Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika.

The Pseudocrenilabrinae tribes Haplochromini and Oreochromini are widespread in Africa and also found in the Middle East, while Chromidotilapiini, Hemichromini and Tylochromini are primarily West and Central African. The remaining tribes are largely or entirely restricted to Lake Tanganyika.[3]
Systematics

Apart from the tribes mentioned in the adjacent box, Bathybatini, Benthochromini, Boulengerochromini, Coelotilapiini, Coptodonini, Cyphotilapiini, Eretmodini, Etiini, Greenwoodochromini, Heterotilapiini, Limnochromini, Oreochromini, Pelmatolapiini, Perissodini, Steatocranini and Trematocarini are sometimes also recognized.[3][4] The extinct genus Mahengechromis is purportedly distinct from any of the established Pseudocrenilabrinae tribes.
Genera

The subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae has been arranged as follows by some authorities[5]

Bathybatini
Bathybates Boulenger, 1898
Hemibates Regan, 1920
Trematocara Boulenger, 1899
Benthochromini
Benthochromis Poll, 1986
Boulengerochromini
Boulengerochromis Pellegrin, 1904
Chromidotilapiini
Benitochromis Lamboj 2001
Chromidotilapia Boulenger 1898
Congochromis Stiassny & Schliewen, 2007
Divandu Lamboj & Snoeks, 2000
Limbochromis Greenwood, 1987
Nanochromis Pellegrin, 1904
Parananochromis Greenwood, 1987
Pelvicachromis Thys van den Audenaerde, 1968
Teleogramma Boulenger, 1899
Thysochromis Daget, 1988
Wallaceochromis Lamboj, Trummer & Metscher, 2016 [6]
Coelotilapiini
Coelotilapia Mayland, 1995
Coptodonini
Coptodon Gervais, 1848
Cyphotilapiini
Cyphotilapia Regan, 1920
Cyprichromini
Cyprichromis Scheuermann, 1977
Paracyprichromis Poll, 1986
Ectodini
Aulonocranus Regan, 1920
Callochromis Regan, 1920
Cardiopharynx Poll, 1942
Cunningtonia Boulenger, 1906
Cyathopharynx Regan, 1920
Ectodus Boulenger, 1898
Grammatotria Boulenger, 1899
Lestradea Poll, 1943
Ophthalmotilapia Pellegrin, 1904
Xenochromis Boulenger, 1899
Xenotilapia Boulenger, 1899
Eretmodini
Eretmodus Boulenger, 1898
Spathodus Boulenger, 1900
Tanganicodus Poll, 1950
Etiini
Etia Schliewen & Stiassny, 2003
Gobiocichlini
Gobiocichla Kanazawa, 1951
Greenwoodochromini
Greenwoodochromis Poll, 1983

Haplochromini
Abactochromis Oliver & Arnegard 2010
Alticorpus Stauffer & McKaye, 1988
Aristochromis Trewavas, 1935
Astatoreochromis Pellegrin, 1904
Astatotilapia Pellegrin, 1904
Aulonocara Regan, 1922
Buccochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Caprichromis Eccles, & Trewavas 1989
Champsochromis Boulenger, 1915
Cheilochromis Eccles & Trewavas 1989
Chetia Trewavas, 1961
Chilotilapia Boulenger, 1908
Copadichromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Corematodus Boulenger, 1897
Ctenochromis Pfeffer, 1893
Ctenopharynx Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Cyathochromis Trewavas, 1935
Cyclopharynx Poll, 1948
Cynotilapia Regan, 1922
Cyrtocara Boulenger, 1902
Dimidiochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Diplotaxodon Trewavas, 1935
Docimodus Boulenger, 1897
Eclectochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Exochochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Fossorochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Genyochromis Trewavas, 1935
Gephyrochromis Boulenger, 1901
Haplochromis Hilgendorf, 1888
Hemitaeniochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Hemitilapia Boulenger, 1902
Iodotropheus Oliver & Loiselle, 1972
Labeotropheus Ahl, 1926
Labidochromis Trewavas, 1935
Lethrinops Regan, 1922
Lichnochromis Trewavas, 1935
Maylandia M. K. Meyer & W. Förster, 1984
Mbipia Lippitsch & Seehausen, 1998
Mchenga Stauffer & Konings, 2006
Melanochromis Trewavas, 1935
Mylochromis Regan, 1920
Naevochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Nimbochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Nyassachromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Orthochromis Greenwood, 1954
Otopharynx Regan, 1920
Pallidochromis Turner, 1994
Petrotilapia Trewavas, 1935
Pharyngochromis Greenwood, 1979
Placidochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Protomelas Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Pseudocrenilabrus Fowler, 1934
Pseudotropheus Regan, 1922
Rhamphochromis Regan, 1922
Sargochromis Regan, 1920
Schwetzochromis Poll, 1948
Sciaenochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Serranochromis Regan, 1920
Stigmatochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Taeniochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Taeniolethrinops Eccles & Trewavas, 1989
Thoracochromis Greenwood, 1979
Tramitichromis Eccles & Trewavas 1989
Trematocranus Trewavas 1935
Trematochromis Poll, 1987
Tropheops Trewavas, 1984
Tyrannochromis Eccles & Trewavas, 1989

Hemichromini
Anomalochromis Greenwood, 1985
Hemichromis Peters, 1857
Rubricatochromis Lamboj & Koblmüller, 2022
Heterotilapiini
Heterotilapia Regan, 1920
Lamprologini
Altolamprologus Poll, 1986
Chalinochromis Poll, 1974 (might belong in Julidochromis)
Julidochromis Boulenger, 1898
Lamprologus Schilthuis, 1891
Lepidiolamprologus Pellegrin, 1904 (probably polyphyletic)
Neolamprologus Colombé & Allgayer, 1985 (polyphyletic?)
Telmatochromis Boulenger, 1898 (probably polyphyletic)
Variabilichromis Colombe & Allgayer, 1985
Limnochromini
Baileychromis Poll, 1986
Gnathochromis Poll, 1981
Limnochromis Regan, 1920
Reganochromis Whitley, 1929
Tangachromis Poll, 1981
Triglachromis Poll & Thys van den Audenaerde, 1974
Oreochromini
Alcolapia Thys van den Audenaerde, 1969
Danakilia Thys van den Audenaerde, 1969
Iranocichla Coad, 1982
Konia Trewavas, 1972
Myaka Trewavas, 1972
Oreochromis Günther, 1889
Pungu Trewavas, 1972
Sarotherodon Rüppell, 1852
Stomatepia Trewavas, 1962
Tristramella Trewavas, 1942
Pelmatochromini
Pelmatochromis Steindachner, 1894
Pelmatolapiini
Pelmatolapia Thys van den Audenaerde, 1969
Perissodini
Haplotaxodon Boulenger, 1906
Perissodus Boulenger, 1898
Plecodus Boulenger, 1898
Steatocranini
Steatocranus Boulenger 1899
Tilapiini
Chilochromis Boulenger 1902
Congolapia Dunz, Vreven & Schliewen, 2012
Pterochromis Trewavas, 1973
Tilapia Smith, 1840
Tropheini
Interochromis Yamaoka, M. Hori & Kuwamura, 1988
Limnotilapia Regan, 1920
Lobochilotes Boulenger, 1915
Petrochromis Boulenger, 1898
Pseudosimochromis Nelissen, 1977
Simochromis Boulenger, 1898
Tropheus Boulenger, 1898
Tylochromini
Tylochromis Regan, 1920

References

Fowler, Henry W. (1934). "Fishes Obtained by Mr. H. W. Bell-Marley Chiefly in Natal and Zululand in 1929 to 1932". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 86: 462. JSTOR 4064159.
Sparks & Smith (2004). Phylogeny and biogeography of cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae). Cladistics 20(6): 501–517
Meyer, Matchiner, Salburger, Britta, Michael, Walter (2015). "A tribal level phylogeny of Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes based on a genomic multi-marker approach". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 83: 56–71. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.009. PMC 4334724. PMID 25433288.
Dunz; and Schliewen (2013). Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as Tilapia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68: 64-80. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015
"Pseudocrenilabrinae". NCBI. Retrieved 18 January 2019.

Lamboj, A., Trummer, F,. & Metscher, B.D. (2016): Wallaceochromis gen. nov, a new chromidotilapiine cichlid genus (Pisces: Perciformes) from West Africa. Zootaxa, 4144 (1): 124-130.

Further reading
I. P. Farias, G. Orti, A. Meyer: Total Evidence: Molecules, Morphology, and the Phylogenetics of Cichlid Fishes, Journal of Experimental Zoology (Mol Dev Evol) 288:76–92 (2000) PDF
"Cichlidae". FishBase. Ed. Rainer Froese and Daniel Pauly. Nov 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006. [1]

This subfamily includes the cichlids from the African Great Lakes, such as the utaka and mbuna in Lake Malawi, and various species from Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika.

The subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae has been arranged as follows by some authorities[5]

References

Lamboj, A., Trummer, F,. & Metscher, B.D. (2016): Wallaceochromis gen. nov, a new chromidotilapiine cichlid genus (Pisces: Perciformes) from West Africa. Zootaxa, 4144 (1): 124-130.

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