Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Characiformes
Superfamilia: Anostomoidea
Familia: Prochilodontidae
Genera (3): Ichthyoelephas – Prochilodus – Semaprochilodus
Name
Prochilodontidae Eigenmann, 1909
Synonyms
Prochilodontinae Eigenmann, 1909
References
Castro, R.M.C. & Vari, R.P. 2004: Detritivores of the South American fish family Prochilodontidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes): a phylogenetic and revisionary study. Smithsonian contributions to zoology, (622)
Melo, B.F., Sidlauskas, B.L., Hoekzema, K., Frable, B.W., Vari, R.P. & Oliveira, C. 2016. Molecular phylogenetics of the Neotropical fish family Prochilodontidae (Teleostei: Characiformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 102: 189–201. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.037 Reference page.
Links
Prochilodontidae – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). (synonymy out of date)
Prochilodontinae – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). (synonymy out of date)
Prochilodontidae in the World Register of Marine Species
Prochilodontidae and its species in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Genera of Prochilodontidae (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Vernacular names
català: Proquilodòntid
Deutsch: Barbensalmler
English: Flannel-mouth characiforms, flannel-mouthed characins
lietuvių: Paprastieji tykotojai
Nederlands: Nachtzalmen
русский: Прохилодовые
ไทย: วงศ์ปลาอินซีเน็ต
中文: 原唇齒脂鯉科
The Prochilodontidae, or flannel-mouthed characins, are a small family of freshwater fishes found primarily in the northern half of South America, south to Paraguay and northern Argentina. This family is closely related to the Curimatidae, and in the past they were included in Characidae.
These fish have fleshy lips with rows of small teeth; their lips are able to be extended into a sucking disc. The largest species reach up to 80 cm (2.6 ft) in length, and live in huge schools, making them a popular food fish. They travel upriver to spawn, and make audible grunting noises that have been described as resembling the sound of a motorbike.[1]
Species
The family has around 21 species in three genera:[2]
Ichthyoelephas
Ichthyoelephas humeralis
Ichthyoelephas longirostris
Prochilodus
Prochilodus argenteus
Prochilodus brevis - Brazilian bocachico
Prochilodus britskii
Prochilodus costatus
Prochilodus hartii
Prochilodus lacustris
Prochilodus lineatus - streaked prochilod
Prochilodus magdalenae
Prochilodus mariae
Prochilodus nigricans - black prochilodus
Prochilodus reticulatus - Colombian bocachico
Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus
Prochilodus vimboides
Semaprochilodus
Semaprochilodus brama
Semaprochilodus insignis
Semaprochilodus kneri
Semaprochilodus laticeps
Semaprochilodus taeniurus - silver prochilodus
Semaprochilodus varii
References
Weitzman, S.H. & Vari, R.P. (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 104. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2008). "Prochilodontidae" in FishBase. December 2008 version.
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