Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Subordo: Platycephaloidei
Familia: Platycephalidae
Genus: Platycephalus
Species: P. angustus – P. arenarius – P. aurimaculatus – P. australis – P. bassensis – P. caeruleopunctatus – P. chauliodous – P. conatus – P. cultellatus – P. endrachtensis – P. fuscus – P. grandispinis – P. indicus – P. laevigatus – P. longispinis – P. marmoratus – P. micracanthus – P. orbitalis – P. richardsoni – P. speculator
Name
Platycephalus Bloch, 1795
Type species: Platycephalus spathula Bloch, 1795 (= Callionymus indicus Linnaeus, 1758)
Gender masculine
Synonyms
Cacumen Whitley, 1931
Calliomorus Lacepède, 1800
Colefaxia (subgenus of Neoplatycephalus) Whitley, 1935
Longitrudis Whitley, 1931
Neoplatycephalus Castelnau, 1872
Planiprora Whitley, 1931
Trudis Whitley, 1931
References
Bloch, M. E.; 1795: Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische. Berlin. 9: 1–192, Pls. 397-429.
Imamura, H.; Knapp, L.W. 2009: Platycephalus orbitalis, a new species of flathead (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) collected from Western Australia. Zootaxa, 2271: 57–63. Abstract & excerpt PDF
Platycephalus in the World Register of Marine Species
Platycephalus is a genus of mostly marine, demersal ray-finned fish belonging to the family Platycephalidae. They are found in the eastern Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Platycephalus was first proposed as a genus in 1795 by the German physician and naturalist Marcus Elieser Bloch with Callionymus indicus, which had been described in 1748 by Carl Linnaeus from "Asia", as its type species.[2][3] This genus is classified within the family Playtcephalidae, the flatheads which the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies within the suborder Platycephaloidei in the order Scorpaeniformes.[4]
Etymology
The genus name Platycephalus means "flat head" an allusion to the wide flattened head of these fishes which leads to the English common name flathead.[5]
Species
There are currently 19 recognised species in this genus:[6][3]
Platycephalus angustus Steindachner, 1866 (Steindachner's flathead) [7]
Platycephalus aurimaculatus L. W. Knapp, 1987 (Toothy flathead)
Platycephalus australis Imamura, 2015 (Australian bartail flathead) [8]
Platycephalus bassensis Cuvier, 1829 (Sand flathead)
Platycephalus caeruleopunctatus McCulloch, 1922 (Blue-spotted flathead)
Platycephalus chauliodous L. W. Knapp, 1991 (Big-tooth flathead)
Platycephalus conatus Waite & McCulloch, 1915 (Deep-water flathead)
Platycephalus cultellatus J. Richardson, 1846
Platycephalus endrachtensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 (Yellow-tail flathead)
Platycephalus fuscus Cuvier, 1829 (Dusky flathead)
Platycephalus grandispinis Cuvier, 1829 (Long-spined flathead) [9]
Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bar-tail flathead)
Platycephalus laevigatus Cuvier, 1829 (Black flathead)
Platycephalus marmoratus Stead, 1908 (Marbled flathead)
Platycephalus micracanthus Sauvage, 1873
Platycephalus orbitalis Imamura & L. W. Knapp, 2009 (Western Australian flathead)
Platycephalus richardsoni Castelnau, 1872 (Tiger flathead)
Platycephalus speculator Klunzinger, 1872 (Southern bluespotted flathead)
Platycephalus westraliae (Whitley, 1938)
Characteristics
Platycephalus flatheads have no less than two spines on the preoperculum. with the lowerer spine being the longest. The upper lobe of the caudal fin does not have an elongated filament. They have between 7 and 10 spines in the first dorsal fin and more than 13 soft rays in the second dorsal fin. They are further separated by having a single band of vomerine teeth rather than two distinct patches.[10] The largest species is P. fuscus with a maximum published total length of 120 cm (47 in) while the smallest is P. orbitalis with a maximum published total length of 33.3 cm (13.1 in).[6]
Distribution
Platycephalus flatheads are found in the Indo-West Pacific region, mostly around Australia where 16 of the 19 species in the genus are found.[8] One species, the bartail flathead (P. indicus), has entered the eastern Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal as a Lessepsian migrant.[11]
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Platycephalus.
Sepkoski, J. (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Platycephalidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Platcephalus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (7 December 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Platycephaloidei: Families Bembridae, Parabembridae, Hoplichthyidae, Platycephalidae and Plectrogeniidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022). Species of Platycephalus in FishBase. February 2022 version.
Imamura, H (2013). "Redescription of Platycephalus angustus Steindachner 1866 (Teleostei: Platycephalidae), a valid flathead in northern Australia and New Guinea". Ichthyological Research. 60 (2): 112–121. doi:10.1007/s10228-012-0319-6.
Imamura, H (2015). "Taxonomic revision of the flathead fish genus Platycephalus Bloch, 1795 (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) from Australia, with description of a new species". Zootaxa. 3904 (2): 151–207. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3904.2.1.
Imamura, H. (2013): Validity of Platycephalus grandispinis Cuvier, 1829, with Priority over Platycephalus longispinis Macleay, 1884 (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Platycephalidae). Species Diversity, 18 (2): 183-192.
L.W. Knapp (1999). "Platycephalidae Flatheads". In Carpenter, K.E.; Niem, V.H. (eds.). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. pp. 2385–2421. ISBN 9251043019.
Daniel Golani & Adam Ben-Tuvia (1990). "Two Red Sea Flatheads (Platycephalidae) Immigrants in the Mediterranean". Cybium. 14 (1): 57–61.
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