Phoxinus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Cypriniformes
Superfamilia: Cyprinoidea

Familia: Cyprinidae
Subfamilia: Leuciscinae
Genus: Phoxinus
Species: P. apollonicus – P. bigerri – P. brachyurus – P. colchicus – P. czekanowskii – P. grumi – P. issykkulensis – P. jouyi – P. karsticus – P. ketmaieri – P. keumkang – P. kumgangensis – P. lagowskii – P. likai – P. lumaireul – P. oxycephalus – P. oxyrhynchus – P. percnurus – P. phoxinus – P. semotilus – P. septimaniae – P. steindachneri – P. strandjae – P. strymonicus – P. tchangi – P. ujmonensis
Name

Phoxinus Rafinesque, 1820

Type species: Cyprinus phoxinus Linnaeus, 1758

Etymology: From phoxinos (= Greek for minnow), perhaps derived from phoxos (= pointed or tapered). (From The ETYFish Project)
Synonyms

Acahara Jordan & Hubbs, 1925
Eulinneela (subgenus of Phoxinus) Dybowski, 1916
Phoxinus (Eulinneela) Dybowski, 1916
Oxygeneum Forbes, 1885 [Apparently based on a hybrid between Campostoma and Phoxinus]

Vernacular names
беларуская: Гальяны
English: Redbelly dace, Eurasian minnow
eesti: Lepamaim
ქართული: კვირჩხლა
References

Rafinesque, C.S. 1820. Fishes of the Ohio River. [Ichthyologia Ohiensis, Part 5]. Western Revue and Miscellaneous Magazine 2(4): 235–242. Reference page.

Links

Phoxinus and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2022. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Phoxinus species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2022. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 08/2021.

Phoxinus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Leuciscidae of order Cypriniformes, and the only members of the subfamily Phoxininae, or Eurasian minnows.[1][2] The type species is Phoxinus phoxinus. The other species in this genus are also commonly known as minnows. The name "minnow" was what early English fisherman used to describe "small and insignificant". The genus Phoxinus is found throughout Eurasia, and includes 21 known species.[3] Previously, members of the North American genus Chrosomus were also believed to form part of this genus.[4]
Species

There are currently 22 recognized species in this genus:

Phoxinus apollonicus Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 [5]
Phoxinus bigerri Kottelat, 2007 (Adour minnow)
Phoxinus brachyurus L. S. Berg, 1912 (Seven River's minnow)
Phoxinus colchicus L. S. Berg, 1910
Phoxinus grumi L. S. Berg, 1907
Phoxinus issykkulensis L. S. Berg, 1912 (Issyk-kul' minnow)
Phoxinus jouyi (D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1901)
Phoxinus karsticus Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 [5]
Phoxinus keumkang (M. K. Chyung, 1977)
Phoxinus ketmaieri Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 [5]
Phoxinus kumgangensis L. T. Kim, 1980

Phoxinus laevis syn. P. phoxinus below[6]

Phoxinus likai Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 [5]
Phoxinus oxyrhynchus (T. Mori, 1930)
Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Eurasian minnow)
Phoxinus semotilus (D. S. Jordan & Starks, 1905)
Phoxinus septimaniae Kottelat, 2007
Phoxinus steindachneri Sauvage, 1883
Phoxinus strandjae Drensky, 1926 (Bulgarian minnow)
Phoxinus strymonicus Kottelat, 2007 (Aegean minnow)
Phoxinus tchangi X. Y. Chen, 1988
Phoxinus ujmonensis Kaschenko, 1899
Phoxinus lumaireul Schinz, 1840[7]

References

Schönhuth, Susana; Vukić, Jasna; Šanda, Radek; Yang, Lei; Mayden, Richard L. (2018-10-01). "Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 781–799. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.026. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 29913311. S2CID 49292104.
"Order CYPRINIFORMES: Family LEUCISCIDAE: Subfamilies PSEUDASPININAE, LEUCISCINAE and PHOXININAE". The ETYFish Project. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). Species of Phoxinus in FishBase. October 2015 version.
Strange, R.M. & Mayden, R.L. (2009): Phylogenetic Relationships and a Revised Taxonomy for North American Cyprinids Currently Assigned to Phoxinus (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). Copeia, 2009 (3): 494-501.
Bianco, P.G. & De Bonis, S. (2015): A taxonomic study on the genus Phoxinus (Acthinopterigy, Cyprinidae) from Italy and western Balkans with description of four new species: P. ketmaieri, P. karsticus, P. apollonicus and P. likai. In: Bianco, P.G. & de Filippo, G. (Eds.), Researches on Wildlife Conservation, 4 IGF Publ., USA., ISBN 978-1-326-47086-9. pp. 1–22.
Nakane, Yusuke; Yoshimura, Takashi (2019-02-15). "Photoperiodic Regulation of Reproduction in Vertebrates". Annual Review of Animal Biosciences. Annual Reviews. 7 (1): 173–194. doi:10.1146/annurev-animal-020518-115216. ISSN 2165-8102. PMID 30332291. S2CID 52984435.
Vucić, Matej; Jelić, Dušan; Žutinić, Petar; Grandjean, Frédéric; Jelić, Mišel (2018). "Distribution of Eurasian minnows (Phoxinus: Cypriniformes) in the Western Balkans". Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems (419): 11. doi:10.1051/kmae/2017051.