Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Superordo: Stenopterygii
Ordo: Stomiiformes
Subordo: Gonostomatoidei
Familia: Phosichthyidae
Genera (7): Ichthyococcus - Phosichthys - Pollichthys - Polymetme - Vinciguerria - Woodsia - Yarrella
Name
Phosichthyidae Weitzman, 1974
Synonymy
Photichthyidae Weitzman, 1974
References
Betancur-R., R., Broughton, R.E., Wiley, E.O., Carpenter, K., López, J.A., Li, C., Holcroft, N.I., Arcila, D., Sanciangco, M., Cureton II, J.C., Zhang, F., Buser, T., Campbell, M.A., Ballesteros, J.A., Roa-Varon, A., Willis, S., Borden, W.C., Rowley, T., Reneau, P.C., Hough, D.J., Lu, G., Grande, T., Arratia, G. & Ortí, G. 2013. The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life 2013 Apr 18: 1–45, downloadable Appendix 2 (new classification): 1–21, and downloadable Figure S1 (complete cladogram with annotated classification). DOI: 10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288 [nonfunctional] Broken access. PDF.. Reference page.
Links
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2006. FishBase, version (02/2006).
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Leuchtfische
suomi: Lyhtykalat
latviešu: Šviesžuvinės
русский: Фотихтиевые
中文: 光器魚科
Lightfishes are small stomiiform fishes in the family Phosichthyidae[1][2]
The earliest fossils of lightfishes are from Oligocene-aged Paratethyan marine strata in the Czech Republic.[3]
They are very small fishes found in oceans throughout the world: most species grow no longer than 10 cm, while those in the genus Vinciguerria only reach 4 cm or so.
They make up for their small size with abundant numbers: Vinciguerria is thought — with the possible exception of Cyclothone — to be the most abundant genus of vertebrates. Deep-sea trawls of the Humboldt Current in the southeast Pacific have found that lightfishes make up 85% by mass of mesopelagic fishes, with Vinciguerria lucetia by far the most numerous species.[4]
They are bioluminescent fishes, possessing rows of photophores along their sides, with which they hunt planktonic invertebrates, especially krill, copepods, and planktonic amphipods.[5]
References
Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Phosichthyidae" in FishBase. January 2006 version.
"Phosichthyidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 29 March 2006.
Nazarkin, Mikhail V.; Nam, Gi-Soo (2022-01-02). "A Miocene lightfish Vinciguerria sp. (Stomiiformes: Phosichthyidae) from the North-West Pacific with notes on the recent evolution of the genus". Historical Biology. 34 (1): 102–107. Bibcode:2022HBio...34..102N. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1900839. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 233709473.
R. Cornejo, R. Koppelmann & T. Sutton. "Deep-sea fish diversity and ecology in the benthic boundary layer".
Carmo, Vanda; Sutton, Tracey; Menezes, Gui; Falkenhaug, Tone; Bergstad, Odd Aksel (2015-01-01). "Feeding ecology of the Stomiiformes (Pisces) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 1. The Sternoptychidae and Phosichthyidae". Progress in Oceanography. 130: 172–187. Bibcode:2015PrOce.130..172C. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2014.11.003. ISSN 0079-6611.
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