Parambassis ranga

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria

Familia: Ambassidae
Genus: Parambassis
Species: P. ranga

Parambassis ranga, commonly known as the Indian glassy fish, Indian glassy perch, or Indian X-ray fish, is a species of freshwater fish in the Asiatic glassfish family Ambassidae of order Perciformes. It is native to an area of South Asia from Pakistan to Vietnam, Malaysia and Bangladesh.[2]

The Indian glassy fish has an extraordinarily transparent body, revealing its bones and internal organs; the male develops a dark edge to the dorsal fin. The fish grows to a maximum overall length of 80 mm (3.1 in).[3]

It occurs in standing water, especially in impoundments, and it breeds prolifically during the rainy season. The species feeds on crustaceans, annelid worms, and other invertebrates. It is, in turn, prey for larger fish, including snakeheads (family Channidae).

The Indian glassy fish is not important as a food fish for humans, but is very common in the aquarium trade.

Formerly classified as Chanda ranga, the species is also known as the Indian glassfish, Indian glass perch, and Siamese glassfish.
In the aquarium

Glassfish have been kept in aquarium for many years, but have a reputation for being delicate and difficult to keep. This may be related to a persistent myth that these fish need brackish water. In the wild, they more commonly inhabit fresh water, and in captivity do well in slightly soft to moderately hard dGH 7–19, slightly acidic to slightly alkaline water pH 6.5–7.5. They can tolerate a temperature range of 20–30 °C (68–86 °F).[4]

These fish swim at the middle and lower levels of the tank, and will take most small live and frozen foods. In general, they tend not to eat dried foods (such as flake).[5] The fish reproduce by laying the eggs (females) and then the males fertilize the eggs.
Dyed glassfish

Indian glassy fish sold to hobbyists have often been "painted", which involves injecting coloured dye into the fish's transparent tissue to make them more attractive to hobbyists.[6] These coloured fish are often called "disco fish". Inexperienced fishkeepers are often tricked into believing such fish are natural and not told that the process is not painless and causes kidney damage to the fish.[7]
A 'painted' glassfish

Fish thus treated have suffered trauma and are susceptible to disease, including Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infection, fin rot, and the viral disease lymphocystis. The artificial coloration often fades within a short time. Healthy, unpainted specimens may live three to four years in captivity, but such individuals may be difficult to find in some localities.
References

Vidthayanon, C. (2012). "Parambassis ranga". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T180994A1686402. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T180994A1686402.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2004). "Parambassis ranga" in FishBase. October 2004 version.
"Parambassis ranga". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 5 December 2004.
Schäfer, Frank 2005. Brackish-water Fishes, Aqualog. ISBN 3-936027-82-X (English), ISBN 3-936027-81-1 (German)
Monks, Neale: Crystal clear: keeping glassfish. Practical Fishkeeping, February 2006
Practical Fishkeeping campaign Archived 2006-02-14 at the Wayback Machine
Wet Web Media Archived 2006-03-12 at the Wayback Machine