Onigocia

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Subordo: Platycephaloidei

Familia: Platycephalidae
Genus: Onigocia
Species (9): O. bimaculata – O. grandisquamis – O. lacrimalis – O. macrocephala – O. macrolepis – O. oligolepis – O. pedimacula – O. sibogae – O. spinosa
Name

Onigocia Jordan & Thompson, 1913

Type species: Platycephalus macrolepis Bleeker, 1854
Synonyms

Wakiyus Jordan & Hubbs, 1925

References

Imamura, H. 2012: Validity and redescription of the flathead fish, Onigocia macrocephala (Weber, 1913) (Teleostei: Platycephalidae). Zootaxa 3450: 23–32. Preview PDF Reference page.
Onigocia – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Imamura, H. & Knapp, L. W., 2009: A new species of the flathead genus Onigocia (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) collected from the Coral and Tasman Seas. Zootaxa 2008: 23–28 [1]
Jordan, D. S. & Hubbs, C. L.; 1925: Record of fishes obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan, 1922. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 10 (2): 93–346, Pls. 5-12.
Jordan, D. S. & Thompson, W. F.; 1913: Notes on a collection of fishes from the island of Shikoku in Japan, with a description of a new species, Gnathypops iyonis. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 46 (no. 2011): 65–72. at BHL
Onigocia and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.

Onigocia is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Platycephalidae, the flatheads. They are found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Taxonomy

Onigoia was first proposed as a genus in 1913 by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan and William Francis Thompson with Platycephalus macrolepis, which had been described in 1925 by Pieter Bleeker from Nagasaki, as its type species.[1][2] This genus is classified within the family Playtcephalidae, the flatheads which the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies within the suborder Platycephaloidei in the order Scorpaeniformes.[3] The genus name Onigocia is a latinisation of onigogochi which translates as “devil flathead” the Japanese common name for O. spinosa. Gochi, which is also spelled kochi, is a general name in Japanese for flatheads and dragonets.[4]
Species

There are currently 9 recognized species in this genus:[5]

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Distribution
	Onigocia bimaculata L. W. Knapp, Imamura & Sakashita, 2000	Two-spotted flathead	Indo-Pacific: Known from the Gulf of Aqaba, Comoro Islands and Mauritius to southern Japan, the Philippines, Caroline Islands, northeastern Australia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, American Samoa and the Society Islands.
	Onigocia grandisquama (Regan, 1908) [6]		Indo-West Pacific: Amirante Islands (Seychelles) and the Gulf of Thailand.
	Onigocia lacrimalis Imamura & L. W. Knapp, 2009	Smooth-snout flathead	Pacific South West: currently known only from the Chesterfield Islands, Coral Sea, and northern Norfolk Ridge, Tasman Sea.
	Onigocia macrocephala (M. C. W. Weber, 1913)	Southern notched flathead [7]	In Australia, recorded from about Exmouth (Western Australia) to the English Company Islands (Northern Territory). Elsewhere in the South China Sea - Vietnam, The Philippines, China, north of Waigeo, the Bali Sea and the Timor Sea.
	Onigocia macrolepis (Bleeker, 1854)	Notched flathead	Indo-West Pacific: southern Japan, South China Sea, Philippines, Indonesia, northwest shelf of Australia and Andaman Sea.
	Onigocia oligolepis (Regan, 1908)	Large-scale flathead	Indo-West Pacific: three known specimens from Natal, South Africa; also from north and northwestern Australia, and possibly extending to western Papua New Guinea. Reported from Samoa
	Onigocia pedimacula (Regan, 1908)	Broad-band flathead	Indo-West Pacific: widespread, from off Natal, South Africa to Karachi, Maldives, South China Sea, Philippines, Irian Barat (Teluk Berau), Northwest Shelf of Australia, Timor and Arafura seas, Great Barrier Reef, Guadalcanal and Tonga.
	Onigocia sibogae Imamura, 2011 [8]		Indo-West Pacific: . Known from the Ceram, Arafura, Timor and Coral seas.
	Onigocia spinosa (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)	Midget flathead	Western Pacific: southern Japan, South China Sea, Philippines, northwest shelf of Australia through Timor and Arafura seas.

.
Characteristics

Onigocia is distinguished from other flathead genera by having finely serrated suborbital ridges and in the typically having less than 40 pored scales in the lateral line.[9] These are small flatheads with the largest species being the midget flathead (O. spinosa), with a maximum published total length of 25 cm (9.8 in), while the smallest is O. grandisquama, which has a maximum published standard length of 6.2 cm (2.4 in).[5]
References

Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Platycephalidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Onigocia". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (7 December 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Platycephaloidei: Families Bembridae, Parabembridae, Hoplichthyidae, Platycephalidae and Plectrogeniidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022). Species of Onigocia in FishBase. February 2022 version.
Imamura, H. (2016): Rediagnosis of Onigocia grandisquama (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Platycephalidae) and Comparison with Congeners. Species Diversity, 21 (2): 151–159.
Imamura, H. (2012): Validity and redescription of the flathead fish, Onigocia macrocephala (Weber, 1913) (Teleostei: Platycephalidae). Zootaxa, 3450: 23–32.
Imamura, H. (2011): Onigocia sibogae, a replacement name for a distinct species of flathead fish, Platycephalus grandisquamis Weber, 1913 (Teleostei: Platycephalidae). Zootaxa, 3066: 52–60.
Imamura, H. & McGrouther, M. (2008). "New records of a flathead fish, Onigocia grandisquama (Regan, 1908) (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) from Australia". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 52 (2): 239–243.