Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Siluriformes
Familia: Doradidae
Genus: Merodoras
Merodoras nheco is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, it is the only species in the genus Merodoras of the catfish (order Siluriformes) family Doradidae.[1][2]
Taxonomy
Merodoras and its type species M. nheco were described in 2007. It belongs to the subfamily Astrodoradinae.[1] This genus is most closely related to Amblydoras.[1]
Distribution and habitat
Merodoras nheco inhabits a flooded portion of the upper Paraguay River basin in western Brazil called the Pantanal Matogrossense. Here it lives in the lentic lakes in flooded areas.[1]
Appearance and anatomy
M. nheco is like other doradids. It has three pairs of barbels (one pair maxillary, two pairs mental), strong dorsal and pectoral fin spines.[1] M. nheco is differentiated from all other doradids by having its scutes with thorns directed ventrally in adults, and from all doradids except Physopyxis cristata by having an incomplete lateral line. It has a smooth dorsal fin spine, as opposed to a serrated one; the only other genus with smooth dorsal fin spines is Anadoras. Also, it has a truncated caudal fin.[1] This species grows to a length of 7.0 centimetres (2.8 in) SL.[3]
Ecology
M. nheco is fed upon by spectacled caimans (Caiman crocodilus yacare) when its habitat dries over the winter, which makes these fish easier to catch.[1] These fish are often hosts to tongue worms, which inhabit their swim bladders.[1]
References
Higuchi, Horácio; Birindelli, José L. O.; Sousa, Leandro M.; Britski, Heraldo A. (2007). "Merodoras nheco, new genus and species from Rio Paraguay basin, Brazil (Siluriformes, Doradidae), and nomination of the new subfamily Astrodoradinae" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1446: 31–42. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1446.1.3. S2CID 86157696.
Eschmeyer, W. N. (2 September 2015). "Catalog of Fishes". California Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 3 May 2015. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2011). "Merodoras nheco" in FishBase. December 2011 version.
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