Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Anabantaria
Ordo: Synbranchiformes
Familia: Mastacembelidae
Genera (6): Aethiomastacembelus – Caecomastacembelus – Macrognathus – Mastacembelus – Mastacemeblus – Sinobdella
References
Brown, K. 2012: X-ray computed tomography of spiny eels: Using state-of-the-art imaging technology to shed light on evolutionary processes. Opticon1826, 7(12):21. DOI: 10.5334/opt.121213
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2006. FishBase, version (02/2006). [1]
Sufi, S.M.K., 1956: Revision of the Oriental fishes of the family Mastacembelidae. The Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, 27: 93–146. Full article: [2]
Vernacular names
English: Fire eel, Spiny eel
日本語: トゲウナギ科
ไทย: ปลาหลด, ปลากระทิง
The Mastacembelidae are a family of fishes, known as the spiny eels. The Mastacembelids are part of the Order Synbranchiformes, the swamp eels, which are part of the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes).
In an evaluation of the family in 2004, the subfamilies of Mastacembelidae were found to not be well supported and were rejected. Also, the genera Caecomastacembelus and Aethiomastacembelus were placed in synonymy with Mastacembelus.[3]
These fish originate from Africa, and southern and eastern Asia.[3] Spiny eels generally inhabit soft-bottomed habitats in fresh and occasionally brackish water. Some species burrow in the substrate during the day or for certain months and have been found buried in soil in drying periods.[4]
These fish have an eel-like body. The largest species can reach a maximum length of 1 m (3.3 ft).[3] Very characteristic of this group is the long nose appendage with two tubulated nostrils.[3] Mastacembelids have a series of well-separated dorsal spines on their back, hence the name of their family, spiny eels.[3]
In some areas these fish are regarded as food fish. Several species of Mastacembelidae are aquarium fish, such as the fire eel.[4]
References
Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Mastacembelus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
Vreven, E. J. (2005). "Mastacembelidae (Teleostei; Synbranchiformes) subfamily division and African generic division: an evaluation". Journal of Natural History. 39 (4): 351–370. doi:10.1080/0022293042000195975. S2CID 85280659.
Nelson, Joseph S. (2006). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
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