Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Anabantaria
Ordo: Synbranchiformes
Familia: Mastacembelidae
Genus: Macrognathus
Species: M. aureus – M. fasciatus – ...
References
Britz, R. 2010: Macrognathus aureus, a new spiny eel of the M. aculeatus species group from the Upper Ayeyarwaddy River Drainage, Myanmar (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes: Mastacembelidae). Zootaxa, 2514: 55–60. Preview
Macrognathus siamensis
Macrognathus is a genus of eel-like fish of the family Mastacembelidae of the order Synbranchiformes.
These fish are distributed throughout most of South and Southeast Asia.[1] Macrognathus species feed on small aquatic insect larvae as well as oligochaetes.[1]
Appearance and anatomy
Most Macrognathus species attain 20–25 cm (8–10 in) in length,[1] but a few surpass this size, with the largest being M. aral at up to 63.5 cm (25 in).[2]
Macrognathus are mostly similar to Mastacembelus. However, they differ in a more modified rostrum, which may be slightly to significantly larger and longer than those found in Mastacembelus. This serves not only to find food but also to help gather food.[1]
In the aquarium
A number of species of this genus are popular aquarium fish. These include the lesser spiny eel, Macrognathus aculeatus, the spotfinned spiny eel, Macrognathus siamensis, as well as others.
Species
According to FishBase, there are currently 25 recognized species in this genus.[2] According to Catalog of Fishes, one of these, M. malabaricus, belongs in the genus Mastacembelus instead of Macrognathus and another, M. taeniagaster, is considered a junior synonym of M. circumcinctus.[3]
Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloch, 1786) (Lesser spiny eel)
Macrognathus albus [citation needed]
Macrognathus aral (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Onestripe spiny eel)
Macrognathus aureus Britz, 2010
Macrognathus caudiocellatus (Boulenger, 1893)
Macrognathus circumcinctus (Hora, 1924)
Macrognathus dorsiocellatus Britz, 2010
Macrognathus fasciatus Plamoottil & Abraham, 2014[4]
Macrognathus guentheri (F. Day, 1865) (Malabar spiny eel)
Macrognathus keithi (Herre, 1940)
Macrognathus lineatomaculatus Britz, 2010
Macrognathus maculatus (G. Cuvier, 1832) (Frecklefin eel)
Macrognathus malabaricus (Jerdon, 1849)
Macrognathus meklongensis T. R. Roberts, 1986
Macrognathus morehensis Arunkumar & Tombi Singh, 2000
Macrognathus obscurus Britz, 2010
Macrognathus pancalus F. Hamilton, 1822 (Barred spiny eel)
Macrognathus pavo Britz, 2010
Macrognathus pentophthalmos (Gronow, 1854) (extinct?)[5]
Macrognathus semiocellatus T. R. Roberts, 1986
Macrognathus siamensis (Günther, 1861) (Peacock eel)
Macrognathus siangensis Arunkumar, 2016[6]
Macrognathus taeniagaster (Fowler, 1935)
Macrognathus tapirus Kottelat & Widjanarti, 2005
Macrognathus zebrinus (Blyth, 1858) (Zebra spiny eel)
References
Roberts, Tyson R. (1980). "A Revision of the Asian Mastacembelid Fish Genus Macrognathus". Copeia. 1980 (3): 385–391. doi:10.2307/1444512. JSTOR 1444512.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Macrognathus". FishBase. April 2014 version.
Eschmeyer, W.N.; R. Fricke; R. van der Laan (14 May 2018). "Catalog of Fishes". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
Plamoottil, M. & Abraham, N.P. (2014): Macrognathus fasciatus (Synbranchiformes; Mastacembelidae) - a new fish species from Kerala, India. Journal of Experimental Zoology, India, 17 (1): 49-54.
Pethiyagoda, R.; A. Silva; K. Maduwage; L. Kariyawasam (2008). "The Sri Lankan Five-eyed Spiny Eel, Macrognathus pentophthalmos (Teleostei: Mastacembelidae), and its enigmatic decline". Zootaxa. 1931: 37–48. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1931.1.3.
Arunkumar, L. (2016). "Macrognathus siangensis, a new spiny eel from Brahmaputra basin, Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes)". Journal of Research in Biology. 6 (3): 2003–2012.
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