Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Subordo: Scorpaenoidei
Familia: Setarchidae
Genus: Lioscorpius
Species (2): L. longiceps – L. trifasciatus
Name
Lioscorpius Günther, 1880: 40
Type species: Lioscorpius longiceps Günther, 1880, by monotypy.
References
Primary references
Günther, A.C.L.G. 1880. Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873–1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76 under the command of Captain George S. Nares ... and the late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R.N. Zoology. 1(6): 1–82, , Pls. 1–32. BHL Reference page.
Lioscorpiusis a genus of marine ray-finned fish, belonging to the subfamily Setarchinae, the deep-sea bristly scorpionfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. They are native to the western Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Lioscorpiusas formally described as a genus in 1880 by the German-born British ichthyologist Albert Günther when he described what was then its only species, L. longiceps, from the Kai Islands in the Banda Sea in Indonesia.[1][2] The genus name Lioscorpius is a compound of lio, meaning "smooth", Gunther described the head of L. longiceps "with scarcely any ridges or spines", and scorpius which means "scorpion", indicating that this is a scorpionfish.[3]
Species
There are currently two recognized species in this genus:[4]
Lioscorpius longiceps Günther, 1880 (Slender scorpionfish)
Lioscorpius trifasciatus Last, Yearsley & Motomura, 2005 (Tripleband scorpionfish)
Characteristics
Lioscorpius scorpionfishes have a preorbital bone which has a very small first spine. A long projection above the preorbital covers its articulating surface. The rearmost 2-3 spines in the dorsal fin are small and are often embedded in the skin. They have a well developed swimbladded and a large gas gland. They have more slender bodies than related genera within the Setarchinae, the depth being around a quarter of the standard length, they also have a thin space between the eyes.[5] The two species within the genus are distinguished by L. longiceps having 2 spines and 6 soft trays in its anal fin and L. trifasciatus having 3 spines and 5 soft rays in its anal fin.[6]
Distribution and habitat
Lioscorpius scorpionfishes are found in the western Pacific from Japan south to Australia, including Vanuatu, New Caledonia and Fiji.[4][6] They are described as bathydemersal (L. longiceps) or benthopelagic (L. trifasciatus) and are found at depths of between 180 and 410 m (590 and 1,350 ft).[4]
References
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Setarchidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lioscorpius". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
Scharpf, Christopher & Lazara, Kenneth J., eds. (22 May 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 8): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Families Sebastidae, Setarchidae and Neosebastidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2021). Species of Lioscorpius in FishBase. August 2021 version.
Eschmeyer, William; Collette, Bruce (1966). "The Scorpionfish Subfamily Setarchinae, including the Genus Ectreposebastes". Bulletin of Marine Science. 16 (2): 349–375.
Motomura, Hiroyuki; Causse, Romain & Struthers, Carl D. (2016). "First records of the deepwater scorpionfish, Lioscorpius trifasciatus (Setarchidae), from outside Australian waters". Biogeography. 18: 23–28
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