Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Cypriniformes
Subordo: Cyprinoidei
Familia: Cyprinidae
Subfamilia: Labeoninae
Genus: Labeo
Species: L. alluaudi – L. alticentralis – L. altivelis – L. angra – L. annectens – L. ansorgii – L. ariza – L. baldasseronii – L. barbatulus – L. barbatus – L. bata – L. batesii – L. heladiva – L. boga – L. boggut – L. bottegi – L. boulengeri – L. brachypoma – L. caeruleus – L. calbasu – L. camerunensis – L. capensis – L. chariensis – L. chrysophekadion – L. congoro – L. coubie – L. curchius – L. curriei – L. cyclopinnis – L. cyclorhynchus – L. cylindricus – L. degeni – L. dhonti – L. dussumieri – L. dyocheilus – L. erythropterus – L. falcipinnis – L. fimbriatus – L. fisheri – L. forskalii – L. fuelleborni – L. fulakariensis – L. gonius – L. greenii – L. gregorii – L. horie – L. indramontri – L. kawrus – L. kibimbi – L. kirkii – L. kontius – L. lineatus – L. longipinnis – L. lualabaensis – L. lukulae – L. luluae – L. lunatus – L. macmahoni – L. macrostoma – L. maleboensis – L. meroensis – L. mesops – L. microphthalmus – L. mokotoensis – L. molybdinus – L. moszkowskii – L. nandina – L. nasus – L. nigricans – L. nigripinnis – L. niloticus – L. nunensis – L. pangusia – L. parvus – L. pellegrini – L. percivali – L. pietschmanni – L. polli – L. porcellus – L. potail – L. quadribarbis – L. rajasthanicus – L. rectipinnis – L. reidi – L. ricnorhynchus – L. rohita – L. rosae – L. roseopunctatus – L. rouaneti – L. rubromaculatus – L. ruddi – L. sanagaensis – L. seeberi – L. senegalensis – L. simpsoni – L. sorex – L. stolizkae – L. trigliceps – L. udaipurensis – L. umbratus – L. victorianus – L. weeksii – L. werneri – L. worthingtoni – L. yunnanensis
Name
Labeo Cuvier, 1816: 194
Type species: Cyprinus niloticus Forsskål, 1775; Type by subsequent designation of Bleeker, 1863: 194 [Gender: masculine].
Homonym
Labeo S.L. Bowdich, 1825: xii, 122 [objectively invalid, preoccupied by the above]
Synonyms
Abrostomus Smith, 1841
Chrysophekadion Bleeker, 1860
Morulius Hamilton, 1822
Nandina Gray, 1831
Rohita Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1842
Rohitichthys Bleeker, 1860
[synonymy from FishBase, except Incisilabeo which was revalidated by Kottelat & Steiner (2010)]
References
Cuvier G.L. 1816–1817. Le Règne Animal distribué d'après son organisation pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée. Avec Figures, dessinées d'après nature. Tome II. Contenant Les reptiles, les poissons, les mollusques et les annélides. Edition 1, Deterville, Paris. pp. i–xviii + 1–532. [Pls. 9–10, in v. 4] DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.41460 BHL Reference page. [original description: p. 194]
Bowdich, S.L. 1825: Fishes of Madeira. Pp. 121-125 and 233-238 in: Bowdich, T.E.: Excursions in Madeira and Porto Santo during the autumn of 1823, while on his third voyage to Africa. i-xii + 1-278 pp., 11 pls. + 10 pls. London.
Bleeker, P. 1863: Systema Cyprinoideorum revisum. Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, 1: 187–218. BHL
Reid, G.M. 1985: A revision of African species of Labeo (Pisces: Cyprinidae) and a re-definition of the genus. Theses Zoologicae, 6 , 322 pp. J. Cramer, Braunschweig. ISBN: 3–7682-1413-3. Extract
Sudasinghe, H., Ranasinghe, R.H.T., Goonatilake, S. de A. & Meegaskumbura, M. 2018. A review of the genus Labeo (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 4486(3): 201–235. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4486.3.1 Paywall Reference page.
ZooBank Indian journal of fisheries
Links
Labeo species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Labeo calbasu
Labeo is a genus of carps in the family Cyprinidae. They are found in freshwater habitats in the tropics and subtropics of Africa and Asia.
It contains the typical labeos in the subfamily Labeoninae, which may not be a valid group, however, and is often included in the Cyprininae as tribe Labeonini. If the Labeoninae are accepted as distinct, Labeonini is the name of the tribe in this subfamily to which the labeos belong. If the Labeonini are considered a tribe of the Cyprininae, the labeos are placed in subtribe Labeoina.
The labeos appear fairly similar to the "freshwater sharks" of the genus Epalzeorhynchos, which is also part of the Labeoninae (or Labeonini), but is not very closely related. Labeos are larger, and have a more spindle-shaped body, as they are mostly free-swimming rather than benthic like Epalzeorhynchos. Their mouths look very different, too; they have a pronounced rostral cap, which covers the upper lip except when feeding. The lips are expanded into thick, sausage-shaped pads which have keratinized edges. Thus, their mouth parts are moderately apomorphic; not as little-developed as in barbs or in Epalzeorhynchos, but neither as extensive as in, for example, Garra or Ptychidio.[2] The genus name Labeo is Latin for "one who has large lips".[3]
Labeos have the two barbels on the rostrum which are common among the Cyprinidae, and also another pair of barbels at the rear edges of the lower maxilla, which has been lost in some of their relatives. They have a well-developed vomeropalatine organ. In the Weberian apparatus, the posterior supraneural bone is elongated and contacts the skull at the forward end.[2]
Species
There are the currently recognized species in this genus:[4]
Labeo alluaudi Pellegrin, 1933
Labeo alticentralis Tshibwabwa, 1997
Labeo altivelis W. K. H. Peters, 1852 (rednose labeo)
Labeo angra (Hamilton, 1822)
Labeo annectens Boulenger, 1903
Labeo ansorgii Boulenger, 1907 (Cunene labeo)
Labeo baldasseronii di Caporiacco, 1948
Labeo barbatulus (Sauvage, 1878)
Labeo barbatus Boulenger, 1898
Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822) (bata)
Labeo batesii Boulenger, 1911
Labeo boga (Hamilton, 1822)
Labeo boggut (Sykes, 1839) (boggut labeo)
Labeo bottegi Vinciguerra, 1897
Labeo boulengeri Vinciguerra, 1912
Labeo brachypoma Günther, 1868
Labeo caeruleus F. Day, 1877
Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822) (orangefin labeo)
Labeo camerunensis Trewavas, 1974
Labeo capensis (A. Smith, 1841) (Orange River mudfish)
Labeo catla (Hamilton 1822) (catla)
Labeo chariensis Pellegrin, 1904
Labeo chrysophekadion (Bleeker, 1850) (black sharkminnow)
Labeo congoro W. K. H. Peters, 1852 (purple labeo)
Labeo coubie Rüppell, 1832 (African carp)
Labeo curchius (Hamilton, 1822)
Labeo curriei Fowler, 1919
Labeo cyclopinnis Nichols & Griscom, 1917
Labeo cyclorhynchus Boulenger, 1899 (harlequin sharkminnow)
Labeo cylindricus W. K. H. Peters, 1852 (redeye labeo)
Labeo degeni Boulenger, 1920
Labeo dhonti Boulenger, 1920
Labeo djourae Blache & Miton, 1960
Labeo dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1842)
Labeo dyocheilus (McClelland, 1839)
Labeo erythropterus Valenciennes, 1842
Labeo falcipinnis Boulenger, 1903
Labeo filiferus Plamoottil & Zupančič, 2017
Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch, 1795) (fringed-lipped peninsula carp)
Labeo fisheri D. S. Jordan & Starks, 1917 (green labeo, mountain labeo)
Labeo forskalii Rüppell, 1835
Labeo fuelleborni Hilgendorf & Pappenheim, 1903 (Fuelleborn's labeo)
Labeo fulakariensis Tshibwabwa, Stiassny & Schelly, 2006
Labeo gonius (Hamilton, 1822) (Kuria labeo, gnhora)
Labeo greenii Boulenger, 1902
Labeo gregorii Günther, 1894 (Gregori's labeo)
Labeo heladiva Sudasinghe et al, 2018
Labeo horie Heckel, 1847
Labeo indramontri H. M. Smith, 1945
Labeo kawrus (Sykes, 1839)
Labeo kibimbi Poll, 1949
Labeo kirkii Boulenger, 1903
Labeo kontius (Jerdon, 1849) (pigmouth carp)
Labeo lankae Deraniyagala, 1952
Labeo latebra Moritz & Neumann, 2017
Labeo lineatus Boulenger, 1898
Labeo lividus Roberts & Stewart, 1976
Labeo longipinnis Boulenger, 1898
Labeo lualabaensis Tshibwabwa, 1997
Labeo lukulae Boulenger, 1902 (red-spot mudsucker)
Labeo luluae Fowler, 1930
Labeo lunatus R. A. Jubb, 1963 (Upper Zambezi labeo)
Labeo macmahoni Zugmayer, 1912
Labeo macrostoma Boulenger, 1898
Labeo meroensis Moritz, 2007
Labeo mesops Günther, 1868 (tana labeo)
Labeo microphthalmus F. Day, 1877
Labeo mokotoensis Poll, 1939
Labeo molybdinus du Plessis, 1963 (leaden labeo)
Labeo nandina (Hamilton, 1822)
Labeo nasus Boulenger, 1899
Labeo nigrescens Day, 1870
Labeo nigricans Boulenger, 1911
Labeo nigripinnis F. Day, 1877
Labeo niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Nile carp)
Labeo nunensis Pellegrin, 1929
Labeo pangusia (Hamilton, 1822)
Labeo parvus Boulenger, 1902
Labeo pellegrini Zolezzi, 1939
Labeo percivali Boulenger, 1912 (Ewaso Nyiro labeo)
Labeo pierrei (Sauvage, 1880)
Labeo pietschmanni Machan, 1930
Labeo polli Tshibwabwa, 1997
Labeo porcellus (Heckel, 1844) (Bombay labeo)
Labeo potail (Sykes, 1839)
Labeo quadribarbis Poll & J. P. Gosse, 1963
Labeo rajasthanicus A. K. Datta & Majumdar, 1970
Labeo rectipinnis Tshibwabwa, 1997
Labeo reidi Tshibwabwa, 1997
Labeo ricnorhynchus (McClelland, 1839)
Labeo rohita Hamilton, 1822 (rohu, roho labeo)
Labeo rosae Steindachner, 1894
Labeo roseopunctatus Paugy, Guégan & Agnèse, 1990
Labeo rouaneti Daget, 1962
Labeo rubromaculatus Gilchrist & W. W. Thompson, 1913 (Tugela labeo)
Labeo ruddi Boulenger, 1907 (silver labeo)
Labeo sanagaensis Tshibwabwa, 1997
Labeo seeberi Gilchrist & W. W. Thompson, 1911 (Clanwilliam sandfish)
Labeo senegalensis Valenciennes, 1842
Labeo shivamogaensis Arunachalam, Anusha & Sivakumar, 2018
Labeo simpsoni Ricardo-Bertram, 1943
Labeo sorex Nichols & Griscom, 1917
Labeo stolizkae Steindachner, 1870
Labeo trigliceps Pellegrin, 1926
Labeo umbratus (A. Smith, 1841) (moggel)
Labeo victorianus Boulenger, 1901 (ningu)
Labeo vulgaris Heckel, 1847
Labeo weeksii Boulenger, 1909 (sicklefin labeo)
Labeo werneri Lohberger, 1929
Labeo worthingtoni Fowler, 1958
Labeo yunnanensis Chaudhuri, 1911
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Labeo.
Bailly, Nicolas (2014). "Labeo Cuvier, 1816". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
Stiassny, M. L. and A. Getahun. (2007). An overview of labeonin relationships and the phylogenetic placement of the Afro-Asian genus Garra Hamilton, 1922 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), with the description of five new species of Garra from Ethiopia, and a key to all African species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150(1), 41–83.
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (7 September 2023). "Family CYPRINIDAE: Subfamily LABEONINAE Bleeker 1859 (Labeos)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2024). Species of Labeo in FishBase. July 2024 version.
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