Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Siluriformes
Familia: Loricariidae
Subfamilia: Loricariinae
Tribus: Harttiini
Genus: Harttia
Species: H. absaberi – H. carvalhoi – H. depressa – H. dissidens – H. duriventris – H. fluminensis – H. fowleri – H. garavelloi – H. gracilis – H. guianensis – H. intermontana – H. kronei – H. leiopleura – H. longipinna – H. loricariformis – H. merevari – H. novalimensis – H. panara – H. punctata – H. rhombocephala – H. rondoni – H. surinamensis – H. torrenticola – H. trombetensis – H. tuna – H. uatumensis – H. villasboas
Name
Harttia Steindachner, 1877: 668
Type species: Harttia loricariformis Steindachner, 1877. Type by original designation (also by monotypy). Gender: Feminine.
References
Steindachner, F. 1877: Die Süsswasserfische des südöstlichen Brasilien (III). Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, 74 (1. Abth.): 559–694.
Ferraris, C.J., jr. 2007. Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types. Zootaxa 1418: 1–628. Abstract & excerpt PDF (part 1) PDF (part 2) Reference page.
de Oliveira, J.C. & Oyakawa, O.T. 2019. New loricariid fishes from headwaters on Serra da Mantiqueira and Complexo do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Zootaxa 4586(3): 401–424. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4586.3.1 Paywall Reference page.
Oyakawa, O.T., Fichberg, I. & Py-Daniel, L.R. 2018. Three new species of Harttia (Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from Serra do Cachimbo, Rio Xingu basin, Pará, Northern Brazil. Zootaxa 4387(1): 75–90. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4387.1.3 Reference page.
Harttia is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America.
Etymology
The genus name comes from Charles Frederick Hartt (1840–1878), a geologist, paleontologist and naturalist, who collected the many specimens during the Thayer Expedition to Brazil in the years 1865–1866.[1]
Taxonomy
As of 1997, Harttia was considered a monophyletic taxon.[2] However, Harttia is in need of revision. For example, the synonymy of Cteniloricaria with Harttia was questionable because it rested solely on the characteristics of Harttia fowleri without considering the type species of Cteniloricaria.[3]
Species
There are currently 26 recognized species in this genus:[4]
Harttia absaberi Oyakawa, Fichberg & Langeani, 2013[5]
Harttia canastra Caldas, Cherobim & Langeani, 2022[6]
Harttia carvalhoi P. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1939
Harttia depressa Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Harttia dissidens Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Harttia duriventris Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Harttia fluminensis Covain & Fisch-Muller, 2012[7]
Harttia fowleri (Pellegrin, 1908)
Harttia garavelloi Oyakawa, 1993
Harttia gracilis Oyakawa, 1993
Harttia guianensis Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Harttia intermontana J. Oliveira & Oyakawa, 2019[8]
Harttia kronei A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1908
Harttia leiopleura Oyakawa, 1993
Harttia longipinna Langeani, Oyakawa & Montoya-Burgos, 2001
Harttia loricariformis Steindachner, 1877
Harttia merevari Provenzano, Machado-Allison, Chernoff, Willink & Petry, 2005[9]
Harttia novalimensis Oyakawa, 1993
Harttia panara Oyakawa, Fichberg & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2018[10]
Harttia punctata Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Harttia rhombocephala P. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1939
Harttia rondoni Oyakawa, Fichberg & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2018[10]
Harttia surinamensis Boeseman, 1971
Harttia torrenticola Oyakawa, 1993
Harttia trombetensis Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Harttia tuna Covain & Fisch-Muller, 2012[7]
Harttia uatumensis Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Harttia villasboas Oyakawa, Fichberg & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2018[10]
Distribution and habitat
Distribution of Harttia species primarily includes rivers draining the Guyana Shield, coastal rivers in northeastern Brazil, and the Amazon River basin.[3] The greatest species diversity of Harttia, occurs in the Pre-Cambrian Brazilian Shield region.[2] Only H. platystoma and H. merevari are known from Venezuela.[9] These rheophilic fishes are found in the upper courses of rivers over rocky and sandy bottoms.[3] Harttia species are thought to be able to exploit areas with the strongest current, because of its extremely depressed body and long caudal peduncle, comparing to other species.[3]
Description
Sexual dimorphism includes hypertrophied odontodes on the pectoral fin spines and along the margins of the snout in mature males.[3]
Harttia exhibits considerable karyotypic diversity with chromosome numbers between 2n = 52 and 2n = 58 in the four species characterized.[3]
Ecology
Representatives of this genus seem to be open brooders.[3]
References
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (25 February 2024). "Family LORICARIIDAE: Subfamily LORICARIINAE Rafinesque 1815 (Suckermouth Armored Catfishes)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
Langeani, Francisco; Oyakawa, Osvaldo T.; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. (2001). Schaefer, S. A. (ed.). "New Species of Harttia (Loricariidae, Loricariinae) from the Rio São Francisco Basin". Copeia. 2001 (1): 136–142. doi:10.1643/0045-8511(2001)001[0136:NSOHLL]2.0.CO;2.
Covain, Raphael; Fisch-Muller, Sonia (2007). "The genera of the Neotropical armored catfish subfamily Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a practical key and synopsis" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1462: 1–40. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1462.1.1.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2024). Species of Harttia in FishBase. February 2024 version.
Oyakawa, O.T., Fichberg, I. & Langeani, F. (2013): Harttia absaberi, a new species of loricariid catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil. Archived 2013-12-26 at the Wayback Machine Neotropical Ichthyology, 11 (4): 779–786.
Caldas, L., Cherobim, A. M., & Langeani, F.. (2022). A new species of Harttia from the rio São Francisco basin (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 20(Neotrop. ichthyol., 2022 20(4)). doi:10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0051
Covain, R., Fisch-Muller, S., Montoya-Burgos, J.I., Mol, J.H., Le Bail, P.Y. & Dray, S. (2012): The Harttiini (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Guianas: a multi-table approach to assess their diversity, evolution, and distribution.Cybium, 36 (1): 115–161.
Oliveira, Jose & Oyakawa, Osvaldo. (2019). New loricariid fishes from headwaters on Serra da Mantiqueira and Complexo do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Zootaxa. 4586. 401. 10.11646/zootaxa.4586.3.1.
Provenzano R., Francisco; Machado-Allison, Antonio; Chernoff, Barry; Willink, Phil; Petry, Paulo (2005). "Harttia merevari, a new species of catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Venezuela" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 3 (4): 519–524. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252005000400009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27.
Oyakawa, O.T., I. Fichberg and L.H. Rapp Py-Daniel, 2018. Three new species of Harttia (Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from Serra do Cachimbo, Rio Xingu basin, Pará, Northern Brazil. Zootaxa 4387(1):75-90
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