Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Elopocephalai
Supercohors: Elopocephala
Cohors/Superordo: Elopomorpha
Ordo: Anguilliformes
Subordo: Congroidei
Familia: Congridae
Subfamilia: Congrinae
Genus: Gnathophis
Species (27): G. andriashevi – G. asanoi – G. bathytopos – G. bracheatopos – G. capensis – G. castlei – G. cinctus – G. codoniphorus – G. ginanago – G. grahami – G. habenatus – G. heterognathos – G. heterolinea – G. leptosomatus – G. longicauda – G. macroporis – G. melanocoelus – G. microps – G. musteliceps – G. mystax – G. nasutus – G. neocaledoniensis – G. parini – G. smithi – G. tritos – G. umbrellabia – G. xenica
Name
Gnathophis Kaup, 1859: 7.
Type species: Myrophis heterognathos Bleeker, 1858.
Fixation: type by monotypy.
Synonyms
Euleptocephalus Strömman, 1896: 5.
Type species: Leptocephalus sicanus Facciolà, 1883 (= Muraena mystax F. Delaroche, 1809).
Fixation: type by subsequent designation.
Rhynchocymba Jordan & Hubbs, 1925: 192, 195.
Type species: Leptocephalus nystromi Jordan & Snyder, 1901 (= Myrophis heterognathos Bleeker, 1858).
Fixation: type by original designation.
Poutawa Griffin, 1936: 16.
Type species: Congrus habenatus Richardson, 1848.
Fixation: two included species, neither technically designated type, but clear from text that genus was intended for habenatus.
Fimbriceps Whitley, 1946: 62.
Type species: Fimbriceps umbrellabia Whitley, 1946.
Fixation: type by monotypy.
Lemkea Kotthaus, 1968: 33.
Type species: Lemkea heterolinea Kotthaus, 1968.
Fixation: type by original designation (also monotypic).
References
Primary references
Ho, H-C., Smith, D.G. & Huang, J-F. 2018. Notes on two rare conger eel species (Anguilliformes: Congridae) found in Taiwanese waters. Pp 233–237 In Ho, H-C., Holleman, W., Hilton, E.J., Smith, D.G. & McCosker, J.E. (eds.), Systematics and biodiversity of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) of Taiwan (II). Zootaxa, 4454(1): 1–237. Reference page. Zootaxa 4454(1): 233–237. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4454.1.19 Open accessPDF Reference page.
Kaup, J. J. 1859. Neue aalaehnliche Fische des Hamburger Museums, beschrieben und abgebildet. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften herausgegeben von dem Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, 4(2): 1–29 + suppl. 1–4. BHL
Strömman, P. H. 1896. Leptocephalids in the University Zoological Museum at Upsala. Almqvist & Wiksell, Upsala, pp. 1–53. BHL
Jordan, D.S. & Hubbs, C.L. 1925. Record of fishes obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan, 1922. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 10(2): 93–346. BHL
Griffin, L.T. 1936. Revision of the eels of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 66(1): 12–26. Full text PDF
Whitley, G.P. 1946. Australian marine eels. The Australian Museum Magazine, 9(2): 60–65. Full text PDF
Kotthaus, A. 1968. Fische des Indischen Ozeans. A. Systematischer Teil. III. Ostariophysi und Apodes. Meteor-Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie, 3: 14–56.
Links
Kaup, 1859 – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Gnathophis and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Gnathophis species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Gnathophis is a genus of marine congrid eels.
Species
There are currently 27 recognized species in this genus:[2]
Gnathophis andriashevi Karmovskaya, 1990
Gnathophis asanoi Karmovskaya, 2004
Gnathophis bathytopos D. G. Smith & Kanazawa, 1977 (blackgut conger)
Gnathophis bracheatopos D. G. Smith & Kanazawa, 1977 (longeye conger)
Gnathophis capensis (Kaup, 1856) (Southern Atlantic conger)
Gnathophis castlei Karmovskaya & Paxton, 2000 (Castle's conger)
Gnathophis cinctus (Garman, 1899) (hardtail conger)
Gnathophis codoniphorus Maul, 1972
Gnathophis grahami Karmovskaya & Paxton, 2000 (Graham's conger)
Gnathophis habenatus (J. Richardson, 1848) (little conger eel)
Gnathophis heterognathos (Bleeker, 1858–59)
Gnathophis heterolinea (Kotthaus, 1968)
Gnathophis leptosomatus Karrer, 1982
Gnathophis longicauda (E. P. Ramsay & J. D. Ogilby, 1888) (little conger)
Gnathophis macroporis Karmovskaya & Paxton, 2000 (largepore conger)
Gnathophis melanocoelus Karmovskaya & Paxton, 2000 (blackgut conger)
Gnathophis microps Karmovskaya & Paxton, 2000 (smalleye conger)
Gnathophis musteliceps (Alcock, 1894)
Gnathophis mystax (Delaroche, 1809) (thinlip conger)
Gnathophis nasutus Karmovskaya & Paxton, 2000
Gnathophis neocaledoniensis Karmovskaya, 2004
Gnathophis nystromi (D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1901)
Gnathophis nystromi ginanago (Asano, 1958)
Gnathophis nystromi nystromi (D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1901)
Gnathophis parini Karmovskaya, 1990
Gnathophis smithi Karmovskaya, 1990
Gnathophis tritos D. G. Smith & Kanazawa, 1977
Gnathophis umbrellabius (Whitley, 1946) (umbrella conger)
Gnathophis xenica (Matsubara & Ochiai, 1951)
References
Werner Schwarzhans (2012). "Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Bavaria (Kressenberg) and Austria (Kroisbach and Oiching-Graben)". Palaeo Ichthyologica. 12: 1–88. Archived from the original on 2015-07-16. Retrieved 2015-07-16.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). Species of Gnathophis in FishBase. December 2012 version.
Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand, (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982) ISBN 0-00-216987-8
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