Dasyatidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Classis: Chondrichthyes
Subclassis: Elasmobranchii
Infraclassis: Euselachii
Division/Cohort: Neoselachii
Subdivision/Subcohort: Batoidea
Superordo: Batomorphii
Ordo: Myliobatiformes
Subordo: Myliobatoidei
Superfamilia: Dasyatoidea

Familia: Dasyatidae
Subfamilia: Dasyatinae – Hypolophinae – Neotrygoninae – Styracurinae – Urogymninae

Genera: Brevitrygon – Dasyatis – Fluvitrygon – Fontitrygon – Himantura – Maculabatis – Makararaja – Megatrygon – Neotrygon – Pastinachus – Pateobatis – Pteroplatytrygon – Styracura – Taeniura – Telatrygon – Urogymnus – †Aegyptobatus – †Arechia – †Aturobatis – †Coupatezia – †Dasyrhombodus – †Delpitia – †Distobatus – †Glickmania – †Heterobatis – †Hypolophodon – †Hypolophites – †Ishaquia – †Merabatis – †Meridiani – †Myliodasyatis – †Potobatis – †Prosopodon – †Subathanura – †Texabatis – †Trygon – †Viperucullus

Name

Dasyatidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1879: 386

Type genus: Dasyatis Rafinesque, 1810, by original designation.
References
Primary references

Jordan, D.S. & Gilbert, C.H. 1879. Notes on the fishes of Beaufort Harbor, North Carolina. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 1(55): 365–388.

Additional references

Carvalho, M.R. de, Loboda, T.S. & Silva, J.P.C.B. 2016. A new subfamily, Styracurinae, and new genus, Styracura, for Himantura schmardae (Werner, 1904) and Himantura pacifica (Beebe & Tee-Van, 1941) (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes). Zootaxa 4175(3): 201–221. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.3.1. Reference page.
Last, P.R., Bogorodsky, S.V. & Alpermann, T.J. 2016. Maculabatis ambigua sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Western Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4154(1): 66–78. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.1.4. Reference page.
Last, P.R., Naylor, G.J.P. & Manjaji-Matsumoto, B.M. 2016. A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights. Zootaxa 4139(3): 345–368. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.2. Reference page.
Last, P.R.; White, W.T. 2013: Two new stingrays (Chondrichthyes: Dasyatidae) from the eastern Indonesian Archipelago. Zootaxa 3722(1): 1–21. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3722.1.1 Reference page.
Last, P.R., White, W.T. & Naylor, G.J.P. 2016. Three new stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Indo–West Pacific. Zootaxa 4147(4): 377–402. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.4.2. Reference page.

Links

Dasyatidae and its species in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2022. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 08/2021.
Genera of Dasyatidae (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2022. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.

Vernacular names
беларуская: Хвастаколавыя
български: Морскокоткови
čeština: Trnuchovití
dansk: Pilrokke
Deutsch: Stechrochen
Ελληνικά: Τρυγόνες
English: whip-tail stingrays, Stingrays
euskara: Bastanga
فارسی: پوماهی
suomi: Keihäsrauskut
Gaeilge: Roc an gha nimhe
עברית: טריגוניים
magyar: Tüskésrájafélék
íslenska: Stingskötur
日本語: アカエイ科
ಕನ್ನಡ: ಸ್ಟಿಂಗ್‌ರೇ
lietuvių: Paprastosios dygliauodegės rajos
മലയാളം: അടവാലൻ തിരണ്ടി
Bahasa Melayu: Ikan Pari
မြန်မာဘာသာ: ငါးလိပ်ကျောက်
Nederlands: Pijlstaartroggen
norsk: Piggrokker
Diné bizaad: Łóóʼ adishishí
polski: Ogończowate
русский: Хвостоколовые
српски / srpski: Жутуље
svenska: Spjutrockor
ไทย: วงศ์ปลากระเบนธง
українська: Хвостоколові
ייִדיש: סטינגרעי
中文: 魟科

The whiptail stingrays are a family, the Dasyatidae, of rays in the order Myliobatiformes. They are found worldwide in tropical to temperate marine waters, and a number of species have also penetrated into fresh water in Africa, Asia, and Australia. Members of this family have flattened pectoral fin discs that range from oval to diamond-like in shape. Their common name comes from their whip-like tails, which are much longer than the disc and lack dorsal and caudal fins. All whiptail stingrays, except the porcupine ray (Urogymnus asperrimus), have one or more venomous stings near the base of the tail, which is used in defense. They range in size from 0.18 to 2.0 m (0.59 to 6.56 ft) or more across in the case of the smalleye stingray and giant freshwater stingray.

Genera

The taxonomy of Dasyatidae was revised by Peter Last, Gavin Naylor, and Mabel Manjaji-Matsumoto in 2016, based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic data. The placement of Megatrygon within the family is provisional pending further research, as evidence suggests it may be more closely related to the families Potamotrygonidae and Urotrygonidae than to other dasyatids.[2]

Subfamily Dasyatinae
Bathytoshia Whitley, 1933
Dasyatis Rafinesque, 1810
Hemitrygon Müller & Henle, 1838
Hypanus Rafinesque, 1818
Megatrygon Last, Naylor, and Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2016
Pteroplatytrygon Fowler, 1910
Telatrygon Last, Naylor, and Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2016
Taeniurops Garman, 1913
Subfamily Hypolophinae
Makararaja T. R. Roberts, 2007
Pastinachus Rüppell, 1829
Subfamily Neotrygoninae
Neotrygon Castenau, 1873
Taeniura J. P. Müller and Henle, 1837
Subfamily Urogymninae
Brevitrygon Last, Naylor, and Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2016
Fluvitrygon Last, Naylor, and Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2016
Fontitrygon Last, Naylor, and Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2016
Himantura J. P. Müller and Henle, 1837
Maculabatis Last, Naylor, and Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2016
Pateobatis Last, Naylor, and Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2016
Urogymnus J. P. Müller and Henle, 1837

Phylogeny
Dasyatidae
Pastinachinae

Pastinachus
 
 
Urogymninae
 

Fontitrygon
 
 
 

Urogymnus
 
 
 
 

Brevitrygon
 
 

Fluvitrygon
 
 
 
 

Pateobatis
 
 
 

Maculabatis
 
 

Himantura
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Neotrygoninae
 

Neotrygon
 
 

Taeniura
 
 
Dasyatinae
 

Hypanus
 
 
 
 

Dasyatis
 
 

Taeniurops
 
 
 
 
 

Bathytoshia
 
 

Pteroplatytrygon
 
 
 
 

Hemitrygon
 
 

Telatrygon
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Phylogenetic relationships of dasyatid genera, based on mitochondrial DNA (Makararaja not included; Megatrygon does not cluster within the family).[2]
See also

List of fish families

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dasyatidae.

Puckridge M, Last PR, White WT, Andreakis N (2012). "Phylogeography of the Indo-West Pacific maskrays (Dasyatidae, Neotrygon): a complex example of chondrichthyan radiation in the Cenozoic". Ecology and Evolution. 3 (2): 217–232. doi:10.1002/ece3.448. PMC 3586632. PMID 23467194.
Last, P.R.; Naylor, G.J. & Manjaji-Matsumoto, B.M. (2016). "A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights". Zootaxa. 4139 (3): 345–368. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.2. PMID 27470808.