Bembras

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Subordo: Platycephaloidei
Familia: Bembridae
Genus: Bembras
Species: B. adenensis - B. japonica - B. longipinnis - B. macrolepis - B. megacephala
Name
Bembras Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1829

Bembras is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bembridae, the deepwater flatheads. These fishes are found in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy

Bembras was first proposed as a monotypic genus in 1829 by the French zoologist George Cuvier when he described Bembras japonica from Japan.[1][2] Cuvier did not explain the etymology of Bembras, however, it is thought that it may come from an ancient Greek word for some sort of small fish, such as anchovy, sprat or smelt. which at least dates as far back as Aristotle. Cuvier applied this type of name to other genera he put forward, such as Synodontis, Salanx or Premnas.[3]
Species

There are currently seven recognized species in this genus:[4][2]

Bembras adenensis Imamura & L. W. Knapp, 1997
Bembras andamanensis Imamura, Psomadakis & Thein, 2018
Bembras japonica G. Cuvier, 1829
Bembras leslieknappi Imamura, Psomadakis & Thein, 2018
Bembras longipinnis Imamura & L. W. Knapp, 1998 (Longfin flathead)
Bembras macrolepis Imamura, 1998 (Bigscale flathead)
Bembras megacephala Imamura & L. W. Knapp, 1998 (Greenspotted flathead)

Characteristics

Bembras deepwater flatheads are differentiated from other Bembrid genera by having a lack of spines in the anal fin, a terminal lower jaw which does not protrude beyond the upper jaw and having the maxillae being relatively wide to its rear. They have between 28 and 32 scales in the lateral line and between 21 and 30 fin rays in each of the pectoral fins. The head is large at around 40% of the standard length.[5] The species within Bembras are all around the same size with the largest being B. japonica which has a maximum published standard length of 30 cm (12 in).[4]
Distribution and habitat

Bembras deepwater flatheads are found in the Indo-Pacific region from the Gulf of Aden to the Western Pacific Ocean north as far as Japan and south to Australia.[4]These are demersal fishes of the continental shelf at depths between 80 and 581 m (262 and 1,906 ft).[5]
References

Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Bembridae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Bembras". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (7 December 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Platycephaloidei: Families Bembridae, Parabembridae, Hoplichthyidae, Platycephalidae and Plectrogeniidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022). Species of Bembras in FishBase. February 2022 version.
S,G, Poss (1999). "Bembridae Deepwater flatheads". In Carpenter, K.E.; Niem, V.H. (eds.). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. pp. 2383–2384. ISBN 9251043019.