Aphanius

Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Atherinomorphae
Ordo: Cyprinodontiformes
Subordo: Cyprinodontoidei

Familia: Cyprinodontidae
Subfamilia: Cyprinodontinae
Genus: Aphanius
Species: A. almiriensis – A. anatoliae – A. apodus – A. arakensis – A. asquamatus – A. baeticus – A. burdurensis – A. danfordii – A. darabensis – A. desioi – A. dispar – A. farsicus – A. fasciatus – A. furcatus – A. ginaonis – A. iberus – A. irregularis – A. isfahanensis – A. kavirensis – A. kruppi – A. marassantensis – A. mento – A. mesopotamicus – A. pluristriatus – A. punctatus – A. saourensis – A. shirini – A. sirhani – A. sophiae – A. splendens – A. stiassnyae – A. sureyanus – A. transgrediens – A. villwocki – A. vladykovi – †A. opavensis – †A. persicus
Name

Aphanius Nardo, 1827

Gender: masculine
Type species: Aphanius nanus Nardo, 1827, by subsequent designation by Jordan, 1917.

Synonyms

Anatolichthys Kosswig & Sözer, 1945
Brachylebias Priem, 1908
Kosswigichthys Soezer, 1942
Lebias Goldfuss, 1820

References
Primary references

Nardo, G.D. 1827. Prodromus observationum et disquisitionum Adriaticae ichthyologiae. Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti (series 2) Dec. II, v. 10: 22–40. Reference page.
Esmaeili, H.R. et al. 2012: Re-validation and re-description of an endemic and threatened species, Aphanius pluristriatus (Jenkins, 1910) (Teleostei, Cyprinodontidae), from southern Iran. Zootaxa, 3208: 58–67. Preview PDF
Freyhof, J., Weissenbacher, A. & Geiger, M. 2017. Aphanius kruppi, a new killifish from Oman with comments on the A. dispar species group (Cyprinodontiformes: Aphaniidae). Zootaxa 4338(3): 557–573. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4338.3.10. Reference page.
Esmaeili, H.R. et al. 2014: Two new species of the tooth-carp Aphanius (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) and the evolutionary history of the Iranian inland and inland-related Aphanius species. Zootaxa 3786(3): 246–268. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.2 Reference page.
Gaudant, J. 2011: Aphanius persicus (Priem, 1908) (Pisces, Teleostei, Cyprinodontidae): une nouvelle combinaison pour Brachylebias persicus Priem, 1908, du Miocène supérieur des environs de Tabriz (Iran). Geodiversitas, 33: 347–356.
Gholami, Z. et al. 2013: Phylogenetic analysis of Aphanius from the endorheic Kor River Basin in the Zagros Mountains, south-western Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Journal of zoological systematics and evolutionary research, DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12052 Reference page.
Gholami, Z. et al. 2013: Scale surface microstructure and scale size in the tooth-carp genus Aphanius (Teleostei, Cyprinodontidae) from endorheic basins in Southwest Iran. Zootaxa 3619(4): 467–490. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.4.5 Reference page.
Pfleiderer, S.J., Geiger, M.F. & Herder, F. 2014. Aphanius marassantensis, a new toothcarp from the Kızılırmak drainage in northern Anatolia (Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Zootaxa 3887(5): 569–582. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3887.5.4 Reference page.
Yoğurtçuoğlu, B. & Freyhof, J. 2018. Aphanius irregularis, a new killifish from south-western Anatolia (Cyprinodontiformes: Aphaniidae). Zootaxa 4410(2): 319–330. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.4 Reference page.

Additional references

Freyhof, J., Özuluğ, M. & Saç, G. 2017. Neotype designation of Aphanius iconii, first reviser action to stabilise the usage of A. fontinalis and A. meridionalis and comments on the family group names of fishes placed in Cyprinodontidae (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes). Zootaxa 4294(5): 573–585. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.5.6. Reference page.

Links

Aphanius – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Aphanius in the World Register of Marine Species

Aphanius is a genus of pupfishes. Unlike other members of the family which are from the Americas, Aphanius species are native to northern Africa, southwestern Asia (as far east as India) and southern Europe. Several species in the genus have very small distributions and are seriously threatened.
Fossil record

Fossils of Aphanius are found in strata of the Pleistocene of Italy (age range: from 11.608 to 5.332 million years ago.).[1]
Fossil of Aphanius crassicaudus
Species

The 39 recognized species in this genus are:

Aphanius almiriensis Kottelat, Barbieri & Stoumboudi, 2007
Aphanius anatoliae Leidenfrost, 1912 (Lake Tuz toothcarp)
Aphanius apodus Gervais, 1853
Aphanius arakensis Teimori, Esmaeili, Gholami, Zarei & Reichenbacher (de), 2012 [2]
Aphanius asquamatus Sözer, 1942 (scaleless killifish)
Aphanius baeticus Doadrio, Carmona & Fernández-Delgado, 2002
†Aphanius crassicaudus Agassiz 1839[3]
Aphanius danfordii Boulenger, 1890 (Sultan Sazlığı toothcarp)
Aphanius darabensis Esmaeili, Teimori, Gholami & Reichenbacher 2014 [4]
Aphanius dispar Rüppell, 1829
A. d. dispar Rüppell, 1829 (Arabian toothcarp)
A. d. richardsoni Boulenger, 1907 (Dead Sea toothcarp)
Aphanius farsicus Teimori, Esmaeili & Reichenbacher, 2011 (Farsi toothcarp)
Aphanius fasciatus Valenciennes, 1821 (Mediterranean killifish)
Aphanius fontinalis Akşiray, 1948 [5]
Aphanius furcatus Teimori, Esmaeili, Erpenbeck & Reichenbacher, 2014 [6]
Aphanius ginaonis Holly, 1929
Aphanius iberus (Valenciennes, 1846) (Spanish toothcarp)
Aphanius iconii Akşiray, 1948 [5]
Aphanius isfahanensis Hrbek, Keivany & Coad, 2006
Aphanius kavirensis Esmaeili, Teimori, Gholami & Reichenbacher, 2014 [4]
Aphanius maeandricus Akşiray, 1948 [5]
Aphanius marassantensis Pfleiderer, Geiger & Herder, 2014 (Kızılırmak toothcarp) [5]
Aphanius mento Heckel, 1843 (iridescent toothcarp)
Aphanius meridionalis Akşiray, 1948 [5]
Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 (Mesopotamian toothcarp) [7]
Aphanius pluristriatus J. T. Jenkins, 1910
Aphanius punctatus Heckel, 1847
Aphanius saldae Akşiray, 1955 [5]
Aphanius saourensis Blanco, Hrbek & Doadrio, 2006 (Sahara aphanius)
Aphanius shirini Gholami, Esmaeili, Erpenbeck & Reichenbacher, 2014 [8]
Aphanius sirhani Villwock, Scholl & Krupp, 1983 (Azraq toothcarp)
Aphanius sophiae Heckel, 1847
†Aphanius splendens Kosswig & Sözer, 1945 (Gölçük toothcarp)
Aphanius stiassnyae Getahun & Lazara, 2001 (Lake Afdera killifish)
Aphanius sureyanus W. Neu, 1937 (Burdur toothcarp)
Aphanius transgrediens Ermin, 1946 (Acıgöl toothcarp)
Aphanius villwocki Hrbek & Wildekamp, 2003 (Sakarya toothcarp)
Aphanius vladykovi Coad, 1988

References

Paleobiology Database
Teimori, A., Esmaeili, H.R., Gholami, Z., Zarei, N. & Reichenbacher, B. (2012): Aphanius arakensis, a new species of tooth-carp (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontidae) from the endorheic Namak Lake basin in Iran. ZooKeys, 215: 55-76.
A. crassicaudus at Fossilworks
Esmaeili, H.R., Teimori, A., Gholami, Z. & Reichenbacher, B. (2014): Two new species of the tooth-carp Aphanius (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) and the evolutionary history of the Iranian inland and inland-related Aphanius species. Zootaxa, 3786 (3): 246–268.
Pfleiderer, S.J., Geiger, M.F. & Herder, F. (2014): Aphanius marassantensis, a new toothcarp from the Kızılırmak drainage in northern Anatolia (Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Zootaxa, 3887 (5): 569–582.
Teimori, A., Esmaeili, H.R., Erpenbeck, D. & Reichenbacher, B. (2014): A new and unique species of the genus Aphanius Nardo, 1827 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) from Southern Iran: A case of regressive evolution. Zoologischer Anzeiger – A Journal of Comparative Zoology, 253 (4): 327-337.
Alavi-Yeganeh, M.S., Keivany, Y., Seyfabadi, J., Kazemi, B. & Wallis, G.P. (2014): Taxonomic validity and phylogenetic relationships of a newly-described tooth-carp, Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae). Zootaxa, 3780 (3): 594–600.
Gholami, Z., Esmaeili, H.R., Erpenbeck, D. & Reichenbacher, B. (2014): Phylogenetic analysis of Aphanius from the endorheic Kor River Basin in the Zagros Mountains, South-western Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 52 (2): 130–141.