Acanthurus triostegus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Acanthuriformes
Subordo: Acanthuroidei

Familia: Acanthuridae
Genus: Acanthurus
Species: Acanthurus triostegus
Subspecies: A. t. marquesensis – A. t. sandvicensis – A. t. triostegus
Name

Acanthurus triostegus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Original combination: Chaetodon triostegus

References

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiæ: impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. i–ii, 1–824 pp DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542: 274. Reference page.
Leonardo A. Abitia-Cárdenas, Xchel G. Moreno-Sánchez, Deivis S. Palacios-Salgado & Ofelia Escobar-Sánchez 2011: Feeding habits of the convict surgeonfish Acanthurus triostegus (Teleostei: Acanthuridae) on the Los Frailes reef, Baja California Sur, Mexico, Aqua International Journal of Ichthyolog. 17 (3): 121–126.
Acanthurus triostegus – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Acanthurus triostegus in the World Register of Marine Species

Vernacular names
Afrikaans: Bandietdoktervis
català: Acanthurus triostegus
Deutsch: Sträflings-Doktorfisch
ދިވެހިބަސް: ރާބުޅާ
English: Manini
suomi: Raitavälskäri
français: Chirurgien bagnard
Hawaiʻi: Manini
magyar: Manin doktorhal
日本語: シマハギ
lietuvių: Įkalintasis jūrų chirurgas
polski: Pokolec pasiasty
Tagalog: Kabkabalan
中文: 横带刺尾鱼

Acanthurus triostegus, also known as the convict tang, convict surgeonfish, or manini, is a small surgeonfish in family Acanthuridae of the order Perciformes.[1][2] It is typically about 17 cm (7 in) long, but some individuals may reach 27 cm.[2] These tangs are widespread. They are found in the Indo-Pacific except for seas around the Arabian Peninsula, in the Pacific at the Hawaiian Islands, and in the Eastern Pacific they are found in the lower Gulf of California and down to Panama, including the Revillagigedo Islands, Clipperton Island, Cocos Island, and Galápagos Islands with some reports throughout the Mediterranean and Adriatic Sea most likely entering through the Suez Canal.

Description

The convict tang is so called because of its bold black stripes on a yellowish background. It is a laterally-compressed oval-shaped fish[3] with a maximum length of about 26–27 cm (10–11 in).[2][3] The head is small with a pointed snout and a terminal mouth with thick lips. It has six black stripes which distinguishes it from the zebra tang (Acanthurus polyzona) which has nine, and has a more restricted range in the Indian Ocean. The first black stripe is oblique and passes through the eye. There are two black spots on the caudal peduncle, and on each side there is a sharp, retractable spine, which is used in offence or defence.[3]
Distribution and habitat

Acanthurus triostegus occurs in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from the East African coast and Madagascar to southwestern Japan, Australia and Central America, including many Pacific island groups. It is found over hard bottoms in lagoons, reef slopes, bays and estuaries. Juveniles are common in tide pools, and larger fish are found at depths down to about 90 m (300 ft).[1]
References

Abesamis, R.; Clements, K. D.; Choat, J. H.; McIlwain, J.; Myers, R.; Nanola, C.; Rocha, L. A.; Russell, B.; Stockwell, B. (2012). "Acanthurus triostegus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T177965A1504553. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T177965A1504553.en. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Acanthurus triostegus" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
Lamare, Véronique; Mitel, Cédric (4 August 2018). "Acanthurus triostegus" (in French). DORIS. Retrieved 9 August 2020.