Porzana porzana (Information about this image)
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Gruiformes
Familia: Rallidae
Genus: Porzana
Species: Porzana porzana
Name
Porzana porzana (Linnaeus, 1766)
Synonymy
Rallus porzana (protonym)
Vernacular names
Afrikaans: Gevlekte Riethaan
العربية: المرعة الرقطاء
asturianu: Gallineta Pinta
azərbaycanca: Adi porzan
беларуская: Звычайны пагоніч
български: Голяма пъструшка
brezhoneg: Rakig brizhellek
català: Polla pintada
čeština: Chřástal kropenatý
Cymraeg: Rhegen fraith
dansk: Plettet rørvagtel
Deutsch: Tüpfelsumpfhuhn
Ελληνικά: Στικτοπουλλάδα
English: Spotted Crake
Esperanto: Makula porzano
español: Polluela Pintoja
eesti: Täpikhuik
euskara: Uroilanda pikart
suomi: Luhtahuitti
føroyskt: Døggsmetta
français: Marouette ponctuée
Gaeilge: Gearr Breac
Gàidhlig: Traon breac
galego: Poliña pinta
Gaelg: Eean raip breck
עברית: ברודית גדולה
hrvatski: Rida Štijoka
magyar: Pettyes vízicsibe
հայերեն: Ճահճահովվիկ մեծ
íslenska: Dílarella
italiano: Voltolino
日本語: コモンクイナ
ქართული: ჭაობის ქათამურა
қазақша: Тартар
Lëtzebuergesch: Getëppelt Rall
lietuvių: Balų vištaitė
latviešu: Ormanītis
македонски: Голема мочуришка
монгол: Тоодон түнжүүр
Malti: Gallozz tat-Tikki
Nederlands: Porseleinhoen
norsk: Myrrikse
polski: Kropiatka
português: Franga-d'água-grande
rumantsch: Pulsauna da palì
română: Cresteț pestriț
русский: Погоныш
slovenčina: Chriašteľ bodkovaný
slovenščina: Grahasta tukalica
shqip: Porzana pikaloshe
српски / srpski: Barski petlić - Барски петлич
svenska: Småfläckig sumphöna
Kiswahili: Kiluwiri Madoa
ไทย: นกกระเรียนพันธุ์ยุโรป
Türkçe: Benekli sutavuğu
українська: Звичайний погонич
vèneto: Giraldina
中文: 斑胸田鸡
The spotted crake (Porzana porzana) is a small waterbird of the family Rallidae. The scientific name is derived from Venetian terms for small rails.[2]
The spotted crake's breeding habitat is marshes and sedge beds across temperate Europe into western Asia. They nest in a dry location in marsh vegetation, laying 6–15 eggs. This species is migratory, wintering in Africa and Pakistan.
At 19–22.5 cm (7.5–8.9 in) length, spotted crakes are slightly smaller than water rails, from which they are readily distinguished by the short straight bill, yellow with a red base. Adults have mainly brown upperparts and blue-grey breast, with dark barring and white spots on the flanks. They have green legs with long toes, and a short tail which is buff underneath.
Immature spotted crakes are similar, but the blue-grey is replaced by brown. The downy chicks are black, as with all rails.
The only confusion species is the sora, a rare vagrant from North America. However, that species lacks the breast spotting and has an unstreaked crown stripe.
These birds probe with their bill in mud or shallow water, also picking up food by sight. They mainly eat insects and aquatic animals.
Spotted crakes are very secretive in the breeding season, and are then mostly heard rather than seen. They are then noisy birds, with a distinctive repetitive whiplash-like hwuit, hwuit call. They can be easier to see on migration.
The spotted crake is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies. The Western European population has declined in recent decades, and the species is now a very rare breeding bird in Great Britain.[3]
References
BirdLife International (2016). "Porzana porzana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22692676A86160125. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22692676A86160125.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 315. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Francis, I.; Stroud, D.A. (2006). "Spotted Crakes "Porzana Porzana" breeding in the UK – a history and evaluation of current status". In Boere. G.C.; Galbraith, C.A.; Stroud, D.A. (eds.). Waterbirds around the world. Edinburgh: The Stationery Office Limited. pp. 491–492.
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