Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Pangalloanserae
Cladus: Galloanseres
Ordo: Galliformes
Familia: Odontophoridae
Genus: Odontophorus
Species: Odontophorus leucolaemus
Name
Odontophorus leucolaemus Salvin, 1867
References
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London Pt1 p. 161
Vernacular names
English: Black-breasted Wood-quail
svenska: Vitstrupig tandvaktel
The black-breasted wood quail (Odontophorus leucolaemus) is a bird species in the family Odontophoridae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
Taxonomy
The black-breasted wood quail is one of 15 species in the genus Odontophorus. Within the genus, it is a part of the dusky wood quail species complex, and is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the Venezuelan wood quail, gorgeted wood quail, Tacarcuna wood quail, and the black-fronted wood quail.[2]
The generic name Odontophorus is from the Greek odontophoros, meaning tooth-bearing. The specific epithet leucolaemus is from the Greek leukos, meaning white, and laimos, meaning throat.[3] Alternative names for the species include white-throated wood quail.[2]
The species is monotypic.[4] Populations around Dota in Costa Rica have sometimes been split as a distinct subspecies, O. l. smithianus on the basis of differences in plumage, but they are generally considered a melanistic morph.[2]
Description
In Costa Rica
The black-breasted wood quail is a medium-sized species of New World quail, being 22–25.5 cm (8.7–10.0 in) in length and weighing on average 286 g (10.1 oz) for females and 300 g (11 oz) for males. Although males are larger than females, the sexes are otherwise similar and can not visually be distinguished.[5]
Distribution and habitat
The black-breasted wood quail is found in Costa Rica and Panama. However, it has not been recorded from Panama since 1933, and may be extirpated from there.[2]
Behaviour and ecology
Like other Odontophorus species, the black-breasted wood quail is gregarious year-round and usually travels in coveys of 10-15 individuals in undergrowth on forested slopes. These feed together over small areas throughout the day, and come together at dusk to roost in low branches. They also defend group territories together by calling back and forth with neighboring coveys, most often just after dawn, and displaying aggressively at the boundaries of their territories. Unlike other species in the genus, they do not vocalize at dusk.[5] The species is shy and walks away in the undergrowth when approached, only flushing reluctantly.[2]
Little is known about its diet. However, it may feed on plant matter, supplementing its diet with insects.
The black-breasted wood quail's breeding habits are poorly known, but the species is most likely monogamous. Cooperative breeding has also been recorded in the species. Nesting occurs at the start of the rainy season in May and June, but vocal activity is most intense from March-April. Nests are round hollows in leaf litter, with their entrances pointing slightly downwards, and are guarded by parties of adults. Eggs are laid in clutches of 4-6 eggs, and are white in color, eventually staining brown. Incubation takes 16-17 days.[2][5]
]References
BirdLife International (2016). "Odontophorus leucolaemus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22679688A92824726. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679688A92824726.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
Madge, Steve; Phil, MacGowan (2010). Pheasants, Partridges, and Grouse: Including buttonquails, sandgrouse, and allies. London, United Kingdom: Christopher Helm. pp. 409–410. ISBN 978-1-4081-3565-5.
Jobling, James A. (2010). Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Christopher Helm. pp. 224, 280. ISBN 978-1-4081-3326-2.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Megapodes, guans, guineafowl, New World quail". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
Hale, Amanda M. (2006-02-01). "Group Living in the Black-Breasted Wood-Quail and the Use of Playbacks as a Survey Technique". The Condor. 108 (1): 107–119. doi:10.1093/condor/108.1.107. ISSN 0010-5422.
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