Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Malacostraca
Subclassis: Eumalacostraca
Superordo: Eucarida
Ordo: Decapoda
Subordo: Pleocyemata
Infraordo: Brachyura
Sectio: Eubrachyura
Subsectio: Thoracotremata
Superfamilia: Grapsoidea
Familia: Varunidae
Synonyms (1): Brankocleistostomidae
Subfamiliae (5): Asthenognathinae - Cyclograpsinae - Gaeticinae - Thalassograpsinae - Varuninae
Genera overview: Acmaeopleura – Asthenognathus – Austrohelice – Brachynotus – Chasmagnathus – Cyclograpsus – Cyrtograpsus – Eriocheir – Gaetice – Gopkittisak – Grapsodius – Helicana – Helice – Helograpsus – Hemigrapsus – Metaplax – Noarograpsus – Neoeriocheir – Neohelice – Orcovita – Otognathon – Paragrapsus – Parahelice – Parapyxidognathus – Platyeriocheir – Pseudogaetice – Pseudograpsus – Pseudohelice – Ptychognathus – Pyxidognathus – Scutumara – Sestrostoma – Tetragrapsus – Thalassograpsus – Utica – Varuna
References
Davie, P.J.F.; Ng, N.K. 2007: Two new subfamilies of Varunidae (Crustacea: Brachyura), with description of two new genera. Raffles bulletin of zoology, supplement (16): 257–272.
Naruse, T. 2015: Description of a new genus and a new species of gaeticine crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Varunidae) from the Ryukyu Islands, and a review of Acmaeopleura Stimpson, 1858, and Sestrostoma Davie & N.K. Ng, 2007. Zootaxa 3925(2): 211–228. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.2.4. Reference page.
Ng, P.K.L. 2012: The systematic status of two enigmatic ocypodoid crabs, "Paracleistostoma" dentatum Tesch, 1918, and "Paracleistostoma" fossulum Barnard, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa, 3206: 58–68. Preview
Shih, H-T., Hsu, J-W., Wong, K.J.H. & Ng, N.K. 2019. Review of the mudflat varunid crab genus Metaplax (Crustacea, Brachyura, Varunidae) from East Asia and northern Vietnam. ZooKeys, 877: 1–29. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.877.38300 Open access Reference page.
The Varunidae are a family of thoracotrematan crabs. The delimitation of this family, part of the taxonomically confusing Grapsoidea, is undergoing revision. For a long time, they were placed at the rank of subfamily in the Grapsidae, but they appear to be closest to Macropthalmus and the Mictyridae, which are usually placed in the Ocypodoidea. It may thus be better to merge the latter superfamily with the Grapsoidea, retaining the latter name as it is older.[2]
That notwithstanding, the revision of the Grapsoidea (in the narrow but apparently still paraphyletic sense) is also not fully completed, as many taxa remain to be restudied. Already, several former Grapsidae genera have been moved to the Varunidae, and others are tentatively placed here pending detailed study. Among the most noteworthy of these is the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis.[2] The genus Xenograpsus, formerly included in the Varunidae, is now placed in its own family, the Xenograpsidae.[1]
The following genera are included:[3]
Asthenognathinae Stimpson, 1858
Asthenognathus Stimpson, 1858
Globihexapus † Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2001
Cyclograpsinae H. Milne-Edwards, 1853
Austrohelice K. Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006
Chasmagnathus De Haan, 1833
Cyclograpsus H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
Helicana K. Sakai & Yatsuzuka, 1980
Helice De Haan, 1833
Helograpsus Campbell & Griffin, 1966
Metaplax H. Milne-Edwards, 1852
Miosesarma † Karasawa, 1989
Neohelice K. Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006
Paragrapsus H. Milne-Edwards, 1853
Parahelice K. Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006
Pseudohelice K. Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006
Gaeticinae Davie & N. K. Ng, 2007
Gaetice Gistel, 1848
Gopkittisak Naruse & P. F. Clark, 2009
Sestrostoma Davie & N. K. Ng, 2007
Thalassograpsinae Davie & N. K. Ng, 2007
Thalassograpsus Tweedie, 1950
Varuninae H. Milne-Edwards, 1853
Acmaeopleura Stimpson, 1858
Brachynotus De Haan, 1833
Cyrtograpsus Dana, 1851
Eriocheir De Haan, 1835
Grapsodius Holmes, 1900
Hemigrapsus Dana, 1851
Neoeriocheir T. Sakai, 1983
Noarograpsus N. K. Ng, Manuel & Ng, 2006
Orcovita Ng & Tomascik, 1994
Otognathon Ng & Stevcic, 1993
Parapyxidognathus Ward, 1941
Platyeriocheir N. K. Ng, J. Guo & Ng, 1999
Pseudogaetice Davie & N. K. Ng, 2007
Pseudograpsus H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
Ptychognathus Stimpson, 1858b
Pyxidognathus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
Scutumara Ng & Nakasone, 1993
Tetragrapsus Rathbun, 1918
Utica White, 1847
Varuna Milne-Edwards, 1830
References
Peter K. L. Ng; Danièle Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 17: 1–286.
Christoph D. Schubart; S. Cannicci; M. Vannini & S. Fratini (2006). "Molecular phylogeny of grapsoid crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) and allies based on two mitochondrial genes and a proposal for refraining from current superfamily classification". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 44 (3): 193–199. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00354.x.
Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 21: 1–109.
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