Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Uropygi
Familia: Thelyphonidae
Subfamiliae (4): Hypoctoninae – Mastigoproctinae – Thelyphoninae – Typopeltinae
Genera overview: Abaliella – Chajnus – Etienneus – Ginosigma – Glyptogluteus – Hypoctonus – Labochirus – Mastigoproctus – Mayacentrum – Mimoscorpius – Minbosius – Ravilops – Tetrabalius – Thelyphonellus – Thelyphonus – Typopeltis – Uroproctus – Valeriophonus
Name
Thelyphonidae Lucas, 1835
References
Links
Zicha, Ondřej et al. Thelyphonidae – Taxon details on Biological Library (BioLib).
Thelyphonidae[1] is the sole family in the Uropygi order of arachnids.[2]
Description
These arachnids can reach a length of 18–85 millimetres (0.71–3.35 in). The body consists of a cephalothorax coated with chitin and of an abdomen divided into 12 segments.
Fossil record
The largest of prehistoric whipscorpions and possibly the largest-known whipscorpion ever discovered[3] was Mesoproctus from this family. While M. rowlandi reached 16.8 mm (0.66 in) in length (without tail), an unnamed species M. sp. had a carapace of 32.5 mm (1.28 in) in length and 16 mm (0.63 in) in width, comparable or even larger than the extant Mastigoproctus have.[4]
Genera
Most genera are currently placed in four recognised subfamilies:
Hypoctoninae
Auth.: Pocock, 1899
Etienneus Heurtault, 1984
Hypoctonus Thorell, 1888
Labochirus Pocock, 1894
Thelyphonellus Pocock, 1894
Ravilops Viquez & de Armas, 2005
Mastigoproctinae
Auth.: Speijer, 1933
Mastigoproctus colombianus
Mastigoproctus Pocock, 1894
Mayacentrum Viquez & de Armas, 2006
Mimoscorpius Pocock, 1894
Sheylayongium Teruel, 2018
Uroproctus Pocock, 1894
Valeriophonus Viquez & de Armas, 2005
Thelyphoninae
Auth.: Lucas, 1835
Thelyphonus sp. (Malaysia)
Abaliella Strand, 1928
Chajnus Speijer, 1936
Ginosigma Speijer, 1936
Glyptogluteus Rowland, 1973
Minbosius Speijer, 1936
Tetrabalius Thorell, 1888
Thelyphonoides - monotypic Thelyphonoides panayensis Krehenwinkel, Curio, Tacud & Haupt, 2009
Thelyphonus Latreille, 1802
†Mesothelyphonus Cai and Huang, 2017 (Burmese amber, Cenomanian)
Typopeltinae
Auth.: Rowland & Cooke, 1973
Typopeltis sp.
Typopeltis Pocock, 1894
Incertae sedis
†Mesoproctus Dunlop, 1998 (Crato Formation, Aptian)
References
Lucas H (1835) Sur une monographie du genre Thélyphone. Magasin de Zoologie vol. 5, Classe VIII.
"Family Thelyphonidae". World Uropygi Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. 2023. Retrieved 2023-03-10.
David M. Martill, Günter Bechly, Robert F. (2007). The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient World. Cambridge University Press. p. 124. ISBN 9781139467766. Retrieved 2022-08-22.
Jason A. Dunlop, David M. Martill. The first whipspider (Arachnida: Amblypygi) and three new whipscorpions (Arachnida: Thelyphonida) from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 92, 325-334, 2002.
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