Lysmata

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Malacostraca
Subclassis: Eumalacostraca
Superordo: Eucarida
Ordo: Decapoda
Subordo: Pleocyemata
Infraordo: Caridea
Superfamilia: Alpheoidea

Familia: Hippolytidae
Genus: Lysmata
Species (47): L. amboinensis – L. anchisteus – L. ankeri – L. argentopunctata – L. bahia – L. baueri – L. boggessi – L. brevrostrus – L. californica – L. chica – L. debelius – L. dispar – L. galapagensis – L. grabhami – L. gracilirostris – L. guamensis – L. hochi – L. holthuisi – L. intermedia – L. jundalini – L. kempi – L. kuekenthali – L. leptodactylus – L. lipkei – L. malagasy – L. moorei – L. morelandi – L. multiscissa – L. napoleoni – L. nayaritensis – L. nilita – L. olavoi – L. parvispinosus – L. pederseni – L. philippinensis – L. porteri – L. rafa – L. rathbunae – L. seticaudata – L. splendida – L. stenolepis – L. ternatensis – L. trisetacea – L. udoi – L. uncicornis – L. vittata – L. wurdemanni – L. zacae

[source: WoRMS, minus (1) L. rauli
; plus (1) L. jundalini
Name

Lysmata Risso, 1816

Type species: Melicerta seti caudata Risso, 1816
References
Primary references

Risso 1816: H. Crust. Nice, 175.

Additional references

Ahyong, S.T. 2010: New species and new records of Caridea (Hippolytidae: Pasiphaeidae) from New Zealand. Pp. 341–357 in
Anker, A. ; J.A. Baeza & S. De Grave, 2009: A New Species of Lysmata (Crustacea, Decapoda, Hippolytidae) from the Pacific Coast of Panama, with Observations of Its Reproductive Biology. Zoological Studies 48 (5): 682–692.
Alves, D.F.R., Lima, D.J.M., Hirose, G.L., Martinez, P.A., Dolabella, S.S. & Barros-Alves, S. de P. 2018. Morphological and molecular analyses confirm the occurrence of two sympatric Lysmata shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda) in the southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa 4526(1): 41–55. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4526.1.3 Paywall Reference page.
de Grave, S. & Anker, A. 2018. A new, distinctly coloured species of Lysmata Risso, 1816 (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Lysmatidae) from the south-central Atlantic. Zootaxa 4429(2): 390–400. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4429.2.13 Paywall Reference page.
De Grave, S.; Fransen, C.H.J.M. (eds.): Contributions to shrimp taxonomy. Zootaxa, 2372: 1–414. Preview PDF
Baeza, J.A.; Bolaños, J.A.; Hernandez, J.E.; López, R. 2009: A new species of Lysmata (Crustacea, Decapoda, Hippolytidae) from Venezuela, southeastern Caribbean Sea. Zootaxa, 2240: 60–68. Abstract & excerpt
Gan, Z-B. & Li, X-Z. 2016. Lysmata leptodactylus, a new species of lysmatid shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from China. Zootaxa 4138(1): 181–188. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.9. Reference page.
Giraldes, B.W., Macedo, T.P., Brandão, M.C., Baeza, J.A., Freire, A.S. 2018. Lysmata arvoredensis nov. sp. a new species of shrimp from the south coast of Brazil with a key to species of Lysmata (Caridea: Lysmatidae) recorded in the southwestern Atlantic. PeerJ. 6:e5561. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5561 Open access Reference page.
Madhavan, M., Purushothaman, P., Akash, S., Bharathi, S., Jose, S., Dhinakaran, A., Ravi, C., Kumar, T.T.A. & Lal, K.K. 2019. New record of Thor hainanensis Xu & Li, 2014 and taxonomical remarks on Lysmata ternatensis de Man, 1902 (Decapoda: Thoridae & Lysmatidae) from the Lakshadweep Islands, India. Zootaxa 4624(3): 351–364. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4624.3.4 Paywall Reference page.
Prakash, S. & Baeza, J.A. 2017. A new species of Lysmata Risso, 1816 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Lysmatidae) from the Gulf of Mexico. Zootaxa 4363(4): 576–582. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4363.4.10. Reference page.
Wang, Y-R. & Sha, Z-L. 2018. Description of two new species of Lysmata Risso, 1816 (Decapoda, Lysmatidae) from the China seas, with remarks on Lysmata vittata (Stimpson 1860). Zootaxa 4392(1): 28–40. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4392.1.2 Reference page.

Lysmata is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae.[3] Lysmata are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting behaviors, and ability to control certain aquarium pests[3] such as sea anemones of the genus Aiptasia.[4] They are known to command high prices on the pet market.[5]

The genus is informally divided into two main categories. Some species are cleaner shrimp which "clean" parasites and other material from fish, live in pairs, and are brightly colored, often in contrasting reds and yellows with white antennae. Other species are the "peppermint shrimp", which have semi-translucent, red-banded bodies, and live in large groups. Some peppermint shrimp perform cleaning behaviors, but less actively than do the cleaner shrimp.[4]

The genus has been studied with interest due to its unusual sexual system, protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism.[3] While some other taxa of shrimp undergo sequential hermaphroditism, they have only been observed changing from male to female. In Lysmata, males become true hermaphrodites instead of females.[6] So far, every species studied has been confirmed to have this sexual system.[7] During their "female phase" they actually have functioning male and female tissues in their gonads and produce both types of gamete. When paired, they take turns fertilizing each other's eggs.[6]

Lysmata occur in the tropics and in warmer temperate waters. They usually live on rock and coral reefs, in shallow and deeper areas. Some live in sponges.[7]
Species

Lysmata contains the following species:[8]

Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888)
Lysmata anchisteus Chace, 1972
Lysmata ankeri Rhyne & Lin, 2006
Lysmata argentopunctata Wicksten, 2000
Lysmata bahia Rhyne & Lin, 2006
Lysmata boggessi Rhyne & Lin, 2006
Lysmata californica (Stimpson, 1866)
Lysmata chica Wicksten, 2000
Lysmata debelius Bruce, 1983
Lysmata dispar Hayashi, 2007
Lysmata galapagensis Schmitt, 1924
Lysmata grabhami (Gordon, 1935)
Lysmata gracilirostris Wicksten, 2000
Lysmata guamensis Anker & Cox, 2011
Lysmata hochi Baeza & Anker, 2008
Lysmata holthuisi Anker, Baeza & De Grave, 2009
Lysmata intermedia (Kingsley, 1878)
Lysmata jundalini Rhyne, Calado & Santos, 2012
Lysmata kempi Chace, 1997
Lysmata kuekenthali (De Man, 1902)
Lysmata lipkei Okuno & Fiedler, 2011
Lysmata moorei (Rathbun, 1901)
Lysmata morelandi (Yaldwyn, 1971)
Lysmata multiscissa (Nobili, 1904)
Lysmata nayaritensis Wicksten, 2000
Lysmata nilita P. F. R. Dohrn & Holthuis, 1950
Lysmata olavoi Fransen, 1991
Lysmata pederseni Rhyne & Lin, 2006
Lysmata philippinensis Chace, 1997
Lysmata porteri (Rathbun, 1907)
Lysmata rafa Rhyne & Anker, 2007
Lysmata rathbunae Chace, 1970
Lysmata rauli Laubenheimer & Rhyne, 2010[Note 1]
Lysmata seticaudata (Risso, 1816)
Lysmata splendida Burukovsky, 2000
Lysmata stenolepis Crosnier & Forest, 1973
Lysmata ternatensis De Man, 1902
Lysmata trisetacea (Heller, 1861)
Lysmata udoi Baeza, Bolaños, Hernandez & López, 2009
Lysmata uncicornis Holthuis & Maurin, 1952
Lysmata vittata (Stimpson, 1860)
Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850)
Lysmata zacae Armstrong, 1941

Notes

May also be considered a synonym of Lysmata vittata (Stimpson, 1860)[9]

References

"Lysmata Risso, 1816". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
J. Antonio Baeza (2010). "Molecular systematics of peppermint and cleaner shrimps: phylogeny and taxonomy of the genera Lysmata and Exhippolysmata (Crustacea: Caridea: Hippolytidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 160 (2): 254–265. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00605.x.
Andrew L. Rhyne, Ricardo Calado & Antonina Dos Santos (2012). "Lysmata jundalini, a new peppermint shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Hippolytidae) from the Western Atlantic" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3579: 71–79.
Andrew L. Rhyne & Junda Lin (2006). "A western Atlantic peppermint shrimp complex: redescription of Lysmata wurdemanni, description of four new species, and remarks on Lysmata rathbunae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Hippolytidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of Marine Science. 79 (1): 165–204.
Ricardo Calado; Cátia Bartilotti; Luís Narciso; Antonina Dos Santos (2004). "Redescription of the larval stages of Lysmata seticaudata (Risso, 1816) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Hippolytidae) reared under laboratory conditions". Journal of Plankton Research. 26 (7): 737–752. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh072.
G. Curt Fiedler (1998). "Functional, simultaneous hermaphroditism in female-phase Lysmata amboinensis (Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae)" (PDF). Pacific Science. 52 (2): 161–169.
J. Antonio Baeza; Christoph D. Schubart; Petra Zillner; Soledad Fuents; Raymond T. Bauer (2009). "Molecular phylogeny of shrimps from the genus Lysmata (Caridea: Hippolytidae): the evolutionary origins of protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism and social monogamy" (PDF). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 96 (2): 415–424. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.01133.x.
M. Türkay (2012). "Lysmata Risso, 1816". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved January 6, 2013.
Guidomar Oliveira Soledade; Juan Antonio Baeza; Guisla Boehs; Sabrina Morilhas Simões; Patricia Souza Santos; Rogerio Caetano da Costa; Alexandre Oliveira Almeida (2013). "A precautionary tale when describing species in a world of invaders: morphology, coloration and genetics demonstrate that Lysmata rauli is not a new species endemic to Brazil but a junior synonym of the Indo-Pacific L. vittata". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 33 (1): 66–77. doi:10.1163/1937240X-00002122.