Tagiadini

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Hesperiidae
Subfamilia: Tagiadinae
Tribus: Tagiadini
Genera: Abantis – Abraximorpha – Albiphasma – Calleagris – Capila – Caprona – Coladenia – Ctenoptilum – Daimio – Darpa – Eagris – Gerosis – Kobelana – Leucochitonea – Mooreana – Netrobalane – Odina – Odontoptilum – Pintara – Procampta – Satarupa – Semperium – Seseria – Tagiades – Tapena
Name

Tagiadini Mabille, 1878: 40.
References

Cock, M.J.W. & Congdon, T.C.E. 2011. Observations on the biology of Afro–tropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) principally from Kenya. Pt. 2. Pyrginae: Tagiadini. Zootaxa 2893: 1–66. Preview Reference page.
Devyatkin, A.L. 2001. Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 9. Three new species and one new subspecies from the subfamily Pyrginae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta 32(3/4): 403–410. Reference page.
Hsu, Y.F., S.C. Chen & C.C. Lu, 2007. On the immature biology of Pseudocoladenia dan sadakoe (Sonan & Mitono), with a discussion of the systematic status of this rare taxon (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 83(1): 19–31. Reference page.
Huang, Z-F., Chiba, H., Wang, M. & Fan, X-L. 2016. Establishment of a new genus for Abraximorpha heringi and A. pieridoides (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae: Tagiadini). Zootaxa 4173(2): 147–154. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4173.2.5. Reference page.
Li, W., Cong. Q., Shen, J.H., Zhang, J., Hallwachs, W., Janzen, D.H. & Grishin, N.V. 2019. Genomes of skipper butterflies reveal extensive convergence of wing patterns. PNAS 116(13): 6232–6237. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821304116. Text. SI Appendix. Reference page.
Mabille, P. 1878. Catalogue des Hespérides du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Bruxelles. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 21(1): 12–36; (2): 37–44. Reference page.
Mendes, L.F. & Bivar de Sousa, A. 2009. The genus Abantis Hoppfer, 1855 in Angola and description of a new species (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 37(147): 313–318. Reference page.
Miller, L.D. 1971. Descriptions of new species and notes on other Hesperiidae of Africa. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 2: 1–17. Full article (PDF). Reference page.
Tennent, W.J., 2004. Three new Eurema subspecies from the Southwest Pacific (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Futao 48: 4–6. Reference page.
Tennent, W.J., 2004. A new race of Tagiades japetus Stoll, 1782, from the Solomon Islands (Russell group) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Futao 48: 17–18. Reference page.
Vári, L. 1974. South African Lepidoptera. Vol. I. Lithocolletidae. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 29(2): 9–25. PDF. Reference page.
Warren, A.D., Ogawa, J.R. & Brower, A.V.Z. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships of subfamilies and circumscription of tribes in the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea). Cladistics 24(5): 642–676. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00218.x PDF Reference page.
Warren, A.D., Ogawa, J.R. & Brower, A.V.Z. 2009. Revised classification of the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea) based on combined molecular and morphological data. Systematic entomology 34(3): 467–523. Reference page.
Zhang, J., Cong. Q., Shen, J.H., Brockmann, E. & Grishin, N.V. 2019. Three new subfamilies of skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). ZooKeys 861: 91–105. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.861.34686 Reference page.

The Tagiadini are a tribe in the skipper butterfly subfamily Pyrginae. Many of its genera were of uncertain relationships for long, and delimitation of the Tagiadini versus the Celaenorrhini was quite disputed at times. The species of this tribe are found in mostly tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Australia.[1]

Genera

Altogether, the tribe contains 27 genera. Some of these seem to form a close-knit group around the tribe's type genus Tagiades. These genera are often collectively called "Tagiades group" and may form a clade:[1]

"Tagiades group"

Abantis – paradise skippers
Caprona – ragged skippers
Ctenoptilum
Leucochitonea
Netrobalane – buff-tipped skipper
Odontoptilum
Semperium
Tagiades – water flats, snow flats

Other genera

Abraximorpha
Calleagris – scarce flats
Capila (formerly often in Celaenorrhini)
Chaetocneme
Chamunda
Coladenia
Daimio
Darpa
Eagris – "flats"
Exometoeca
Gerosis
Mooreana
Netrocoryne
Odina
Pintara
Procampta – rare elf
Satarupa
Seseria
Tapena

Discovery

(Molecular and morphological evidence reveals that Daimio Murray, 1875 is a junior synonym of Tagiades Hübner, 1819 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Tagiadini)

Previous studies have shown that the genus Tagiades Hübner, 1819 is paraphyletic with regard to Daimio Murray, 1875 and/or Darpa Moore, 1866. In this study, we attempt to disentangle the relationships among these three genera based on an integrative approach including molecular data, morphological characters, and biological data from available sources. All evidence shows that Daimio and Tagiades are congeneric, isolated from Darpa. According to the rule of priority, Daimio (syn. n.) is a junior synonym of Tagiades. Therefore, we subsume tethys under Tagiades as Tagiades tethys (Ménétriés, 1875), comb. n.[2]
Footnotes

Brower (2007)

"Daimio Murray is a junior synonym of tagiadini". 10 Feb 2020. Retrieved 10 Feb 2020.

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tagiadini.

Brower, Andrew V.Z (2007): Tree of Life Web Project – Tagiadini. Version of 2007-DEC-12. Retrieved 2009-DEC-24.