Spodoptera

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Cladus: Macroheterocera
Superfamilia: Noctuoidea

Familia: Noctuidae
Subfamilia: Hadeninae
Genus: Spodoptera
Species: S. albula – S. androgea – S. apertura – S. cilium – S. compta – S. cosmioides – S. depravata – S. descoinsi – S. dolichos – S. eridania – S. evanida – S. excelsa – S. exempta – S. exigua – S. frugiperda – S. hipparis – S. latifascia – S. littoralis – S. litura – S. malagasy – S. marima – S. mauritia – S. ochrea – S. ornithogalli – S. pecten – S. picta – S. pectinicornis – S. praefica – S. pulchella – S. roseae – S. triturata – S. umbraculata
Name

Spodoptera Guenée, 1852; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lép., 5, 153; Herrich-Schaeffer [1858 (Pls. 1854)], Samml. aussereurop. Schmett., Heteroc., 68, figs., 129, 131.
தமிழ்: பச்சை காய்ப்புழு
Synonyms

Douzdrina de Laever, 1985 (synonymized by de Bros, 1985: 385).

Spodoptera frugiperda

References
Primary references
Additional references

Brito, R., Specht, A., Gonçalves, G.L., Moreira, G.R.P., Carneiro, E., Santos, F.L., Roque-Specht, V.F., Mielke, O.H.H. & Casagrande, M.M. 2019. Spodoptera marima: a New Synonym of Spodoptera ornithogalli (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with Notes on Adult Morphology, Host Plant Use and Genetic Variation Along Its Geographic Range. Neotropical Entomology 48: 433-448. DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0654-z. Open access. Reference page. .
Laever de, E. 1985: Étude des Caradrina Ochsenheimer. Un Paradrina nouveau: Paradrina douzina. Un nouveau genre, voisin des Eremodrina Boursin: Douzdrina et une espèce nouvelle: Douzdrina protector (Lépidoptères, Noctuidae Amphipyrinae). Nota lepidopterologica (n.f.), 8(2): 145–151. Reference page.
Bros de, E. 1985: Douzdrina protector et Paradrina douzina de Laever 1985 Mise au point. Nota lepidopterologica (n.f.), 8(4): 385–386. Reference page.
Li, C. et al. 2014: Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a putative sex-peptide receptor in the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Austral entomology 53(4): 424–431. DOI: 10.1111/aen.12088 Reference page.

Spodoptera is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae erected by Achille Guenée in 1852. Many are known as pest insects. The larvae are sometimes called armyworms. The roughly thirty species are distributed across six continents.[1][2]

Description

No tufts behind collar as in Euplexia, but only tufts present on metathorax. Scales much smoother. Abdominal tufts slight. Fore tibial tufts are very developed. Cilia slightly crenulated. Antennae almost simple.[3]
Species

Spodoptera abyssinia Guenée, 1852
Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) (orth. var. S. albulum)
Spodoptera androgea (Stoll, [1782])
Spodoptera angulata (Gaede, 1935)
Spodoptera apertura (Walker, 1865)
Spodoptera cilium Guenée, 1852 – grasslawn armyworm
Spodoptera compta (Walker, 1869)
Spodoptera connexa (Wileman, 1914)
Spodoptera depravata (Butler, 1879)
Spodoptera dolichos (Fabricius, 1794) – sweet potato armyworm
Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) – southern armyworm
Spodoptera evanida Schaus, 1914
Spodoptera excelsa Rougeot & Laporte, 1983
Spodoptera exempta (Walker, [1857]) – African armyworm
Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, [1808]) – beet armyworm
Spodoptera fasciculata (Berio, 1973)
Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) – fall armyworm
Spodoptera hipparis (Druce, 1889)
Spodoptera latifascia (Walker, 1856) – velvet armyworm
Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval, 1833) – African cotton leafworm
Spodoptera litura (Fabricius, 1775) – Oriental leafworm moth
Spodoptera malagasy Viette, 1967
Spodoptera marima (Schaus, 1904) syn. S. ornithogalli below[4]
Spodoptera mauritia (Boisduval, 1833) – lawn armyworm
Spodoptera ochrea (Hampson, 1909)
Spodoptera ornithogalli (Guenée, 1852) – yellow-striped armyworm
Spodoptera pecten Guenée, 1852
Spodoptera pectinicornis (Hampson, 1895) – water-lettuce moth
Spodoptera peruviana (Walker, 1865)
Spodoptera picta (Guérin-Méneville, [1838])
Spodoptera praefica (Grote, 1875) – western yellowstriped armyworm
Spodoptera pulchella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1868) – Caribbean armyworm
Spodoptera roseae (Schaus, 1923)
Spodoptera semiluna (Hampson, 1909)
Spodoptera teferii Laporte, 194
Spodoptera triturata (Walker, [1857])
Spodoptera umbraculata (Walker, 1858)

References

Nagoshi, R. N., et al. (2011). Use of DNA barcodes to identify invasive armyworm Spodoptera species in Florida. Journal of Insect Science 11 154.
Meagher, R. L., et al. (2008). Monitoring for exotic Spodoptera species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Florida. Florida Entomologist 91(4), 517-22.
Hampson, G. F. (1894). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
"Spodoptera ornithogalli". European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. 2020-09-02. Retrieved 2021-02-02.