Sialis

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Neuropterida
Ordo: Megaloptera

Familia: Sialidae
Genus: Sialis
Species: S. bilobata – S. diminuta – S. elegans – S. fuliginosa – S. iyoensis – S. japonica – S. kumejimae – S. kunmingensis – S. lutaria – S. melania – S. mitsuhashii – S. nakaharai – S. navasi – S. nikkoensis – S. primitivus – S. sibilica – S. versicoloris
Name

Sialis Latreille, 1802
References

Liu, X.; Hayashi, F.; Yang, D. 2009: Sialis navasi, a new alderfly species from China (Megaloptera: Sialidae). Zootaxa, 2230: 64–68. Abstract & excerpt
Liu, X-Y., Hayashi, F. & Yang, D. 2015. Sialis primitivus sp. nov. (Megaloptera: Sialidae), a remarkable new alderfly species from China. Zootaxa 4033(4): 593–599. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.4.9. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Liu, X.Y. & Yang, D. 2006. Revision of the genus Sialis from Oriental China (Megaloptera: Sialidae). Zootaxa 1108: 23–35. Abstract & excerpt. Reference page.

Vernacular names
日本語: センブリ属

Sialis is a genus of alderfly belonging to the order Megaloptera family Sialidae.

Description

These alderflies are small and mainly brown with a relatively heavy body and forewings reaching a length of 10 to 20 millimeters. Females are usually larger than males. They have wings with large cells forming a network. The upper edge of the front wings consists of almost square cells. The species belonging to the genus Sialis have less than fifteen square cells, while the other Megaloptera have more cells. The adults are diurnal and fly from May to June on the riparian vegetation.
Eggs of Sialis fuliginosa

Females lay on the leaves of the shore plants up to 2000 eggs in groups of about 200. The resulting hatching larvae fall directly into the water. They live in the water at first, and later buried in the mud, up to 18 meters of depth. These larvae feed on larvae of insects, worms and small molluscs. They usually need two years to develop, overwintering as larvae. Pupation takes place on the shore under the soil.
Distribution

Species of this genus are present in most of Europe.
List of species

Sialis abchasica (Vshivkova 1985)
Sialis dorochovae (Vshivkova 1985)
Sialis fuliginosa (Pictet 1836)
Sialis gonzalezi (Vshivkova 1985)
Sialis klingstedti (Vshivkova 1985)
Sialis lutaria (Linnaeus 1758)
Sialis morio (Klingstedt 1932)
Sialis nigripes (Pictet 1865)
Sialis sibirica (McLachlan 1872)
Sialis sordida (Klingstedt 1932)

References

Ekkehard Wachmann, Christoph Saure: Netzflügler, Schlamm- und Kamelhalsfliegen, Naturbuch-Verlag, Augsburg 1997
Wilfried Wichard: Schlammfliegen aus Baltischem Bernstein (Megaloptera, Sialidae). In Mitt. Geol.-Paläont. Inst. Univ. Hamburg. 80: S. 197-211, 2 Abb., 9. Taf., Hamburg 1997.