Protoneuridae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Cladus: Odonatoptera
Cladus: Holodonata
Ordo: Odonata
Subordo: Zygoptera
Superfamilia: Coenagrionoidea

Familia:Protoneuridae
Genera: Amazoneura – Arabineura - Caconeura - Chlorocnemis - Drepanoneura – Disparoneura - Elattoneura - Epipleoneura - Epipotoneura - Esme - Forcepsioneura - Idioneura - Isomecocnemis - Junix - Lamproneura - Melanoneura - Microneura - Neoneura - Nososticta - Peristicta - Phasmoneura - Phylloneura - Prodasineura - Proneura - Protoneura - Psaironeura - Roppaneura

Name

Protoneuridae Jacobson & Bianchi, 1905
Synonyms

Protoneurinae Tillyard, 1917
Protoneuridae Tillyard, 1926

Vernacular names
English: threadtails, bambootails
日本語: ミナミイトトンボ科

The Protoneuridae are a family of damselflies. Most species are commonly known as threadtails, while others are commonly known as bambootails.

Characteristics

These are usually small-sized damselflies and their wings are narrow and mostly transparent, with simple venation. The males tend to be colourful and many have a red, orange, yellow or blue thorax and a black abdomen. Others have a black thorax and brightly coloured abdomen and others are entirely dark. Their usual habitats are the verges of rivers and streams and the margins of large lakes.[2]
Update

Now Pseudostigmatidae and New World Protoneuridae are sunk in Coenagrionidae and Old World Protoneuridae in Platycnemididae.[3]
Genera

The family contains the following genera :[4][5]

Amazoneura Machado, 2004
Arabineura Schneider and Dumont, 1995
Caconeura Kirby, 1890
Chlorocnemis Selys, 1863
Drepanoneura von Ellenrieder & Garrison, 2008
Disparoneura Selys, 1860
Elattoneura Cowley, 1935
Epipleoneura Williamson, 1915
Epipotoneura Williamson, 1915
Esme Fraser, 1922
Forcepsioneura Lencioni, 1999
Idioneura Selys, 1860
Isomecocnemis Cowley, 1936
Lamproneura De Marmels, 2003
Melanoneura Fraser, 1922
Microneura Hagen in Selys, 1886
Neoneura Selys, 1860
Nososticta Selys, 1860
Peristicta Hagen in Selys, 1860
Phasmoneura Williamson, 1916
Phylloneura Fraser, 1922
Prodasineura Cowley, 1934
Proneura Selys, 1889
Protoneura Selys in Sagra, 1857
Psaironeura Williamson, 1915
Roppaneura Santos, 1966

See also

List of damselflies of the world (Protoneuridae)

References

"Liste des espèces d'odonates en collection au Muséum : collection exotique" (in French). Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Nantes. Retrieved 2007-08-22.
Paulson, Dennis (2009). Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West. Princeton University Press. p. 186. ISBN 978-1-4008-3294-1.
Dijkstra, Klaas-Douwe B.; Bechly, Günter; Bybee, Seth M.; Dow, Rory A.; Dumont, Henri J.; Fleck, Günther; Garrison, Rosser W.; Hämäläinen, Matti; Kalkman, Vincent J.; Karube, Haruki; May, Michael L.; Orr, Albert G.; Paulson, Dennis R.; Rehn, Andrew C.; Theischinger, Günther; Trueman, John W.H.; Van Tol, Jan; von Ellenrieder, Natalia; Ware, Jessica (2013). " The classification and diversity of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata). In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Addenda 2013) ". Zootaxa. 3703: 36. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.9. hdl:10072/61365 – via ResearchGate.
"Protoneuridae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
"The Families and Genera of Odonata". Slater Museum of Natural History. Archived from the original on 2007-06-09. Retrieved 2007-08-22.