Panoquina

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Hesperiidae
Subfamilia: Hesperiinae
Tribus: Hesperiini
Subtribus: Calpodina
Genus: Panoquina
Species: P. bola – P. chapada – P. corrupta – P. danishi – P. errans – P. evansi – P. evadnes – P. fusina – P. hecebolus – P. lucas – P. luctuosa – P. neblina – P. nero – P. ocola – P. panoquin – P. panoquinoides – P. pauper – P. peraea – P. trix
Name

Panoquina Hemming, 1934

Type species: Hesperia panoquin Scudder, 1863ː 178; by section i (replacement names) of Article 67.
Synonymy

Prenes Scudder, 1872ː 81. Invalid, homonym of Prenes Gistler, 1848.
Panoquina Hemming, 1934ː 38; Evans, 1955ː 402; Hemming, 1967ː 335; Bridges, 1994ː IV.23, IX.45; Lamas, 2004ː 75; et seq..
Panochina Torre y Callejas, [1981]. Mis-spelling.
Panoguina Buzzi, 1994. Mis-spelling.

References

Anderson, R.A. 2014. A new species of Panoquina from Panama (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae, Calpodini). The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 24(1): 1–3. Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Bell, E.L. 1942. New genera and new species of neotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). American Museum novitates 1205: 1–9. PDF.Reference page.
Bridges, C.A. 1994. Catalogue of the Family-Group, Genus-Group and Species-Group Names of the Hesperioidea (Lepidoptera) of the World. Bridges, Urbana, Illinois. BHL Reference page.
Cong, Q., Zhang, J., Shen, J.H. & Grishin, N.V. 2019. Fifty new genera of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Insecta Mundi 0731: 1–56. Zoobank. Reference page.
Constantino, L.M.; Vargas, J.I., Salazar-Escobar, J.A. 2013. New species and subspecies of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Gryphocera). Boletín Científico del Centro de Museos de Historia Natural, 17(1): 258–267. PDF. Reference page.
Evans, W.H. 1951–55. A Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae in the British Museum. Pt.1 (1951): x+92pp, pls.1–9; Pt.2 (1952): v.+178pp, pls.10–25; Pt.3 (1953): v+246pp, pls.26–53; Pt.4 (1955): v+499pp, pls. 54–88. Reference page.
Hemming, A. F., 1934. The Generic Names of the Holarctic Butterflies, Vol. 1, p. viii + 3–184. London: British Museum. Reference page.
Hemming, A. F., 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 1967, Suppl. 9: 1-509.Reference page.
Lamas, G. 2004. (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In Heppner, J.B. (ed.) Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Vol.5A, Pt.4A. Assn. for Tropical Lepidoptera/Scientific Publishers, Gainesville. 439pp. Reference page.
Scudder, S.H., 1864. A list of the butterflies of New England. Proceedings of the Essex Institute, (1860-1863)ː 3, 161-179. Reference page.
Scudder, S.H., [1872]. A Systematic revision of Some of the American Butterflies With Brief Notes on Those Known to Occur in Essex County, Mass. Annual report of the trustees of the Peabody Academy of Natural Sciences 4: 24–83. Reference page.
Watson, F.E. 1937. New Hesperiidae from the Antilles (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). American Museum Novitates 906: 1–10. PDF. Reference page.

Links
Butterflies of America; Lepindex.

Panoquina is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae.
Species

Panoquina bola Bell, 1942
Panoquina chapada Evans, 1955
Panoquina corrupta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865)
Panoquina errans (Skinner, 1892)
Panoquina evadnes (Stoll, [1781])
Panoquina evansi (Freeman, 1946)
Panoquina fusina (Hewitson, 1868)
Panoquina hecebola (Scudder, 1872)
Panoquina lucas (Fabricius, 1793) – purple-washed skipper
Panoquina luctuosa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
Panoquina nero (Fabricius, 1798)
Panoquina ocola (Edwards, 1863)
Panoquina panoquin (Scudder, 1863)
Panoquina panoquinoides (Skinner, 1891)
Panoquina pauper (Mabille, 1878)
Panoquina peraea (Hewitson, 1866)
Panoquina trix Evans, 1955

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Panoquina at funet