Libellula

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Cladus: Odonatoptera
Cladus: Holodonata
Ordo: Odonata
Subordo: Epiprocta
Infraordo: Anisoptera
Superfamilia: Libelluloidea

Familia: Libellulidae
Subfamilia: Libellulinae
Genus: Libellula
Species: L. angelina – L. auripennis – L. axilena – L. coahuiltecana – L. comanche – L. composita – L. croceipennis – L. cyanea – L. depressa – L. doris – L. flavida – L. foliata – L. forensis – L. fulva – L. gaigei – L. herculea – L. incesta – L. jesseana – L. luctuosa – L. lydia – L. mariae – L. melli – L. needhami – L. nodisticta – L. pulchella – . quadrimaculata – L. saturata – L. semifasciata – L. vibrans

Name

Libellula Linnaeus, 1758
References

Libellula Linnaeus, 1758 – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Libellula Linnaeus, 1758 Taxon details on Fauna Europaea
Carle, F.L. & Kjer, K.M. 2002: Phylogeny of Libellula Linnaeus (Odonata: Insecta). Zootaxa 87(1): 1–18. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.87.1.1 Paywall. Reference page.
Garrison, R.W., 1992: Libellula mariae spec. nov., a new dragonfly from Costa Rica (Anisoptera: Libellulidae). Odonatologica '21(1): 85–89. Online.
Ortega-Salas, H. & González-Soriano, E. 2015. A new species of Libellula Linnaeus, 1758, from the Cuatro Ciénegas basin, Coahuila, México (Anisoptera: Libellulidae). Zootaxa 4028(4): 589–594. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4028.4.10. Preview (PDF) Reference page.

Vernacular names
English: Skimmers or Perchers
español: Libélulas
日本語: ヨツボシトンボ属

Libellula is a genus of dragonflies, commonly called skimmers, in the family Libellulidae, distributed throughout the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. Most species are found in the United States, where they are the best-known large dragonflies, often seen flying over freshwater ponds in summer.[1] Many have showy wing patterns.[2]

Overview

The taxa Ladona (corporals) and Plathemis (whitetails) have been considered as synonyms of Libellula, subgenera, or separate genera by different authorities. Recent phylogenetic analysis has supported their status as either subgenera or full genera.[3][4]
Species

List of species.[5]
Extant Species

Male	Female	Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
		Libellula angelina Selys, 1883		North China, Japan
		Libellula auripennis Burmeister, 1839	golden-winged skimmer	North and Central America
		Libellula axilena Westwood, 1837	bar-winged skimmer	North America
		Libellula comanche Calvert, 1907	Comanche skimmer	Central America and North America
		Libellula composita (Hagen, 1873)	bleached skimmer	North America.
		Libellula croceipennis Selys, 1869	neon skimmer	North and Central America
		Libellula cyanea Fabricius, 1775	spangled skimmer	United States of America
		Libellula depressa Linnaeus, 1758	broad-bodied chaser	Europe, West Asia. Sometimes included in the genus Ladona.
		Libellula flavida Rambur, 1842	yellow-sided skimmer	North America
		Libellula foliata (Kirby, 1889)		Mexico (Chiapas)
		Libellula forensis Hagen, 1861	eight-spotted skimmer	Western United States and Canada
		Libellula fulva Müller, 1764	scarce chaser	Europe
		Libellula gaigei Gloyd, 1938	Red-mantled Skimmer	Mexico, United States(Texas)
		Libellula herculea Karsch, 1889	Hercules Skimmer	Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, El Salvador, and Venezuela
		Libellula incesta Hagen, 1861	slaty skimmer	eastern United States and southern Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick.
		Libellula jesseana Williamson, 1922	purple skimmer	United States (Florida)
		Libellula luctuosa Burmeister, 1839	widow skimmer	United States, Canada (southern Ontario and Quebec).
		Libellula mariae Garrison, 1992	Maria's Skimmer	Costa Rica
		Libellula melli Schmidt, 1948		China
		Libellula needhami Westfall, 1943	Needham's skimmer	Caribbean, Central America, and North America.
		Libellula nodisticta Hagen, 1861	hoary skimmer	Central America, North America, and South America.
		Libellula pontica Selys, 1887	red chaser	Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Syria, Turkey
		Libellula pulchella Drury, 1773	twelve-spotted skimmer	southern Canada and contiguous U.S. states.
		Libellula quadrimaculata Linnaeus, 1758	four-spotted skimmer or four-spotted chaser	Europe and North America
		Libellula saturata Uhler, 1857	flame skimmer	Southwestern United States
		Libellula semifasciata Burmeister, 1839	painted skimmer	New Brunswick, Canada as far south as Texas and Florida.
		Libellula vibrans Fabricius, 1793	great blue skimmer	eastern United States

Ladona

Male	Female	Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
		Ladona deplanata (Rambur, 1842)	blue corporal	eastern United States.
		Ladona exusta (Say, 1839)	white corporal	Mid-Atlantic and New England
		Ladona julia (Uhler, 1857)	chalk-fronted corporal	northern United States and southern Canada.

Plathemis

Male	Female	Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
		Plathemis lydia (Drury, 1770)	common whitetail or long-tailed skimmer	North America
		Plathemis subornata (Hagen, 1861)	desert whitetail	United States (Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, U.S. Virgin Islands, and Washington.), Mexico

Fossils

Libellula brodieri† [6]
Libellula calypso† [6]
Libellula doris †[6]
Libellula eusebioi† [6]
Libellula kieseli† [6]
Libellula martini† [6]
Libellula melobasis†
Libellula pannewitziana† [6]
Libellula perse† [6]
Libellula sieboldiana† [6]
Libellula thetis† [6]
Libellula thoe† [6]
Libellula ukrainensis† [6]

References

"Libellula". Mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Needham, James G.; Minter J. Westfall Jr; Michael L. May (2000). Dragonflies of North America (rev. ed.). Gainesville, FL: Scientific Publishers. pp. 700–702. ISBN 0-945417-94-2.
Artiss T, Schultz TR, Polhemus DA, Simon C (2001). "Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the dragonfly genera Libellula, Ladona, and Plathemis (Odonata: Libellulidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and 16S rRNA sequence data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 18 (3): 348–61. doi:10.1006/mpev.2000.0867. PMID 11277629.
Kambhampati, Srinivas; Charlton, Ralph E. (1999). "Phylogenetic relationship among Libellula, Ladona and Plathemis (Odonata: Libellulidae) based on DNA sequence of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene". Systematic Entomology. 24 (1): 37–49. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00066.x.
Libellula, funet.fi
The Paleobiology Database