Heleomyzidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Antliophora
Ordo: Diptera
Subordo: Brachycera
Infraordo: Muscomorpha
Sectio: Schizophora
Subsectio: Acalyptrata
Superfamilia: Heteromyzoidea

Familia: Heleomyzidae
Genera (72): Aberdareleria – Acantholeria – Allophylina – Allophylopsis – Amphidysis – Anastomyza – Aneuria – Anorostoma – Apophoneura – Austroleria – Blaesochaetophora – Borboroides – Borboropsis – Cairnsimyia – Cephodapedon – Cinderella – Desertoleria – Diacia – Dichromya – Dioche – Diplogeomyza – Eccoptomera – Epistomyia – Fenwickia – Gephyromyza – ?Gymnomus – Heleomicra – Heleomyza – Heteromyza – Kiboleria – Leriopsis – Lutomyia – Mayomyia – Morpholeria – Neoecothea – Neoleria – Neorhinotora – Neossos – Nephellum – Nidomyia – Notomyza – Oecothea – Oldenbergiella – Ollix – Orbellia – Paraneossos – Paratrixoscelis – Pentachaeta – Philotroctes – Porsenus – Prosopantrum – Pseudoleria – Psiloplagia – Rhinotora – Rhinotoroides – Schroederella – Scoliocentra – Spilochroa – Stuckenbergiella – Suillia – Tapeigaster – Tephrochlaena – Tephrochlamys – Trixoleria – Trixoscelis – Waterhouseia – ?Woznicaia – Xeneura – Zachaetomyia – Zagonia – Zentula – Zinza
Name

Heleomyzidae Westwood, 1840

Synonyms

Heteromyzidae Fallén, 1820 [PRIORITY NAME!]

References

Westwood, J.O. 1840. Synopsis of the genera of British Insects. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London. 158 pp. BHL Reference page.
Almeida, J.C.; Ale-Rocha, R. 2011: Comparative morphology of the male terminalia of the subtribe Rhinotorina (Diptera, Heleomyzidae, Rhinotorini). Zootaxa, 2736: 44–56. Preview
Calhau, J., Coelho, L.A., Kawada, R., Lima, F.V. de O. & Guillermo-Ferreira, R. 2016. Review of Rhinotora (Diptera, Heleomyzidae) with description of a new species and key to all known heleomyzid species from Brazil. Zootaxa 4138(3): 513–533. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.3.5. Reference page.
Koçak, A.Ö.; Kemal, M. 2010: Nomenclatural notes on some families of the order Diptera. Centre for Entomological Studies Ankara, miscellaneous papers, (152): 8–9. Internet Archive
Koçak, A.Ö.; Kemal, M. 2013: A nomenclatural note in the family Heleomyzidae (Diptera). Cesa News, (85): 11.
Koçak, A.Ö.; Kemal, M. 2013: A nomenclatural note in the family Heleomyzidae (Diptera). Centre for Entomological Studies Ankara, miscellaneous papers, (159): 5–6. ZooBank
McAlpine, D.K. 1985. The Australian genera of Heleomyzidae (Diptera: Schizophora) and a reclassification of the family into tribes. Records of the Australian Museum 36(5): 203–251. DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.36.1985.346 Reference page.
Solecki, A.M. & Wheeler, T.A. 2015. A new species of Neossos Malloch (Diptera: Heleomyzidae) from the Yukon Territory, Canada, and a revised key to the Nearctic species. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e6351. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e6351. Reference page.

The Heleomyzidae is a small family of true flies in the insect order Diptera. Over 740 described species of Heleomyzidae occur in about 76 genera[1] distributed throughout the world.

Description

Heleomyzids are small to medium-sized flies which vary in colour from yellow to reddish yellow or reddish brown to black. The wings often have small but distinctly longer, well-spaced spines mixed with the shorter spines along the leading edge and the crossveins are often clouded.
Taxonomy
See also: List of Heleomyzidae genera

Over 740 described species of Heleomyzidae occur in about 76 genera[1] and 22 tribes distributed throughout the world; the greatest number occur in the Holarctic region. Around 100 species of Heleomyzidae are found in North America. Most of the subfamilies have been commonly recognized as families in the past, but are now included within the Heleomyzidae.[2] The composition and monophyly of the family continues to be controversial. McAlpine[3] recently combined Heleomyzidae and Sphaeroceridae into Heteromyzidae, but this arrangement has not been widely accepted.
Ecology

Adults of Borboroides and Heleomicra are attracted to carcasses and faeces. Larvae feed on decaying plant and animal matter, mushrooms, and various fungi. The larvae of the Holarctic Suilliinae and Tapeigaster occur principally in fungi. Larvae of Cairnsimyia live in borer tunnels in trees.
References

Pape, Thomas, Vladimir Blagoderov, and Michail B. Mostovski. "Order Diptera Linnaeus, 1758." Animal Biodiversity. Magnolia Press, 2011.
McAlpine, David K. "The Australian genera of Heleomyzidae (Diptera: Schizophora) and a reclassification of the family into tribes." Records of the Australian Museum 36.5 (1985): 203-251.

McAlpine, David K. "Review of the Borboroidini or Wombat Flies (Diptera: Heteromyzidae), with reconsider-ation of the status of families Heleomyzidae and Sphaeroceridae, and descriptions of femoral gland-baskets." RECORDS-AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM 59.2/3 (2007): 143

External links

Family description and figures

Identification resources
Palaearctic

Czerny, L., 1924. Monographie der Helomyziden. Abhandlung der Zoologischen-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15(1): 1–166. Keys genera and species.
Czerny, L., 1937. Ergänzungen zu meiner Monographie der Helomyziden. X. Konowia, 16(2): 137–142.
Gorodkov, K.B., 1984. Family Heleomyzidae (Helomyzidae), 15–45.In: Soós Á. and L. Papp, (eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, vol.10, Budapest.
Papp, T.,1978. Some cavernicolous Diptera of the Geneva Museum. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 85: 99-106.
Papp, T., 1998. Heleomyzidae. Chapter 3.41, 439–455. In: Papp L. and B. Darvas, (eds.), Contribution to a manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 3. 1998. Science Herald, Budapest, 880 pp.

United Kingdom

Collin, J.E. 1943b. The British species of Helomyzidae (Diptera). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 79: 234–251.

Nearctic

Gill, G.D., 1962. The Heleomyzid flies of America north of Mexico(Diptera: Heleomyzidae). Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, 113(3465): 495–603. Keys genera and species.
Gill, G.D and B.V. Peterson, 1987.1989. Heleomyzidae, 973–980. In:McAlpine J. F., (ed.), Manual of Nearctic Diptera Vol. 2, Research Branch Agric. Canada, Monograph no. 28, IV + 675–1332. Keys genera and species.

Australasia

McAlpine, D.K., 1985. The Australian genera of Heleomyzidae (Diptera: Schizophora) and a reclassification of the family into tribes. Records of the Australian Museum, 36: 203–251.