Disteniidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Ordo: Coleoptera
Subordo: Polyphaga
Infraordo: Cucujiformia
Cladus: Phytophaga
Superfamilia: Chrysomeloidea

Familia: Disteniidae
Tribus: Cyrtonopini – Disteniini – Dynamostini – Heteropalpini
[list of tribus after Svacha & Lawrence (2014); no subfamilia are used]
Name

Disteniinae Thomson, 1861
Synonymy

Cométites Blanchard, 1845: 163 [vernacular name; unavailable]
Distenitae Thomson, 1861: 181

References
Primary references

Thomson, J. 1861. Essai d'une classification de la famille des cérambycides et matériaux pour servir a une monographie de cette famille. Bouchard-Huzard, Paris, 129–396. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.9206

Additional references

de Barros, R.C., da Fonseca, M.G. & Julio, C.E. de A. 2018. Species of Prioninae, Parandrinae, Lepturinae (Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) and Disteniidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) from east Paraná State (Brazil), with three new geographic distribution records. Zootaxa 4374(1): 99–106. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4374.1.6 Reference page.
Bouchard, P., Bousquet, Y., Davies, A.E., Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A., Lawrence, J.F., Lyal, C.H.C., Newton, A.F., Reid, C.A.M., Schmitt, M., Ślipiński, S.A. & Smith, A.B.T. 2011. Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 88: 1–972. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.88.807 Open access. PMC: 3088472 Open access. Reference page.
Bousquet, Y., Heffern, D.J., Bouchard, P. & Nearns, E.H. 2009. Catalogue of family-group names in Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). Zootaxa 2321: 1–80. Abstract & excerpt PDF. Reference page. [as "Disteniinae"]
Hayashi, M., K. Morimoto and S. Kimoto, 1984. The Coleoptera of Japan in Color, vol. IV, Hoikusha (Osaka). ISBN 4-586-30071-X.
The Japanese Society of Coleopterology (eds.), 1984. The Longicorn-Beetles of Japan in Color, Kodansha(Tokyo). ISBN 4-06-124045-5.
Heffern, D.J. & Santos-Silva, A. 2016. A new species of Paracometes Villiers, 1958 from Panama (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Disteniinae). Zootaxa 4072(5): 593–595. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4072.5.8. Reference page.
Lacordaire, 1869: Hist. nat. Ins., Gen. Col., 8: 225.
I.Löbl & A.Smetana (eds). 2010 Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 6: Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark
ISBN 978-87-88757-84-2, p. 85
Monné, M.A.; Santos-Silva, A. 2008: Disteniinae Thomson (Insecta, Coleoptera): a protected name. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 52: 261–262. PDF [as "Disteniinae"]
Ohbayashi, N., M. Satô and K. Kojima, 1992. An Illustrated Guide to Identification of Longicorn Beetle of Japan, Tokai University Press (Tokyo). ISBN 4-486-01181-3.
Švácha, P. & Lawrence, J. 2014. 2.3. Disteniidae J. Thomson, 1861. Pp. 60–77. In: Leschen, R.A.B. & Beutel, R.G. (eds.) Handbook of Zoology, Arthropoda: Insecta; Coleoptera, Beetles, Volume 3: Morphology and Systematics (Phytophaga). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston. ISBN 978-3-11-027446-2. DOI: 10.1515/9783110274462.60 Paywall. PDF. Reference page.

Links

Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Family Disteniidae: tribe Disteniini (atlas of long-horned beetles of Russia)

Vernacular names
English: Disteniids
日本語: ホソカミキリ亜科
русский: Дистенииды

The Disteniidae are a small family of beetles in the superfamily Chrysomeloidea, traditionally treated as a group within the Cerambycidae (most resembling certain Lepturinae such as the genus Stenocorus, but having long fine antennae and sometimes metallic colours).

Morphology
Adult

The adults have a lepturoid aspect, having like those (except for a small number of cases) a divided stridulatory area. Nevertheless, the head is extremely short, the mandibles are strongly bowed and the anterior coxae are globular. The antennae are long, nearly filiform in most of the genera, and bearing very long setae in the Malagasy genus Nethinius.
Larva

The major differences are in the larval morphology, because they have the prosternal skin attached to the base of the submentum, rather than with the gula such as all other Cerambycidae. For nearly all other aspects, they are very similar to the larvae of Lepturinae.
Distribution

This family, original from Gondwana, includes more than 300 species, widespread in all regions of the Southern Hemisphere, while much less common in the Northern Hemisphere. In particular, only a few species occur in North America and none are present in Europe. In contrast, Madagascar is extremely rich in species, especially of the endemic genus Nethinius.

Biology

The adults have mostly nocturnal behaviour; some species (Nethinius) may be collected beating plants where they live. The fact that several specimens have been collected with mutilated legs and antennae suggests the existence of an aggressive character and of infra-specific fights for females.[1] The larvae are xylophagous and attack wood or roots of broad-leaf trees.
Systematics

The Disteniidae were inserted in "Cerambycides" by Jean Théodore Lacordaire, when the group included all cerambycids known at that time except for Lamiinae and Prioninae. LeConte & Horn (1883) included them in the Lepturinae, even noticing their peculiar primitivism. Gahan[2] considered them as a subfamily suggesting that this group should deserve the elevation to family rank. This statement was formalised by Linsley in 1961,[3] accepted by many subsequent authors[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and only seldom contested.[14]

The family is composed of 4 tribes:[15][note 1]

Cyrtonopini White, 1853
Disteniini Thomson, 1860
Dynamostini Lacordaire, 1869
Heteropalpini Villiers, 1980

Notes

Subfamilies are not used in the classification of Disteniidae.

References

VITALI F., 2006 - Contribution à la connaissance des Nethinius malgaches (Coleoptera Disteniidae) - L'Entomologiste 62 (5-6):175-178. PDF [1]
GAHAN C. J., 1906 - Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera Cerambycidae I - Today & Tomorrow‘s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, 329 pp. PDF [2]
LINSLEY E. G., 1961- The Cerambycidae of North America. Part I. Introduction - Univ. Calif. Publ. Entomol. 18:1-97.
GRESSITT J.L. & RONDON J.A., 1970 - Cerambycids of Laos (Disteniidae, Prioninae, Philinae, Aseminae, Lepturinae, Cerambycinae) - Pae. Insects Monogr. 24: 1-314.
CHEMSAK, J. A. & LINSLEY.E. G., 1982 - Checklist of the Cerambycidae and Disteniidae of North America,Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera). Plexus Publ. Inc., 138 pp.
NAPP D. S., 1994 - Phylogenetic relationships among the subfamilies of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera, Chrysomeloidea) - Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 28 (2): 265-419.
MONNÉ, M.A. & GIESBERT E.F., 1995 - Checklist of the Cerambycidae and Disteniidae (Coleoptera) of the Western Hemisphere -Wolfsgarden Books, Burbank, Calif. xiv + 420 pp.
MARTINS U. R. & GALILEO M. H. M., 2001 - Novos táxons de Disteniidae (Coleoptera) neotropicais - Iheringia, Sér. Zool. (90): 15-20. [3]
JENIŠ I., 2001 - Long-Horned Beetles Distenidae, Oxypeltidae, Vesperidae, Anoplodermatidae & Cerambycidae I, Vesperidae and Cerambycidae of Europe I, A. Regulus, Zlin, 333 pp. [4]
BACHMANN A. O. & DI IORIO O. R., 2002 - Types and related specimens of Cerambycidae and Disteniidae (Coleoptera) in the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Buenos Aires, [Argentina Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 4 (1):55-93 Abstract [5][permanent dead link]
VANIN S. A. & IDE S., 2002 - Classificação comentada de Coleoptera - III. Marco sistemático del proyecto Pribes 2002 PDF [6]
MAKIHARA H. NOERDJITO W. A. & SUGIARTO, 2002 - Longicorn Beetles from Gunung Halimun National Park, West Java, Indonesia from 1997 (Coleoptera, Disteniidae and Cerambycidae) - Bulletin of FFPRI 1 (3) (No. 384): 189-223 PDF [7]
FUJIWARA J. & HAYASHI M., 2007 - Insect Fauna of Shakunouchi Park in Unnan City, Shimane Prefecture, Part 1 Disteniidae, Cerambycidae and Chrysomalidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) - Bulletin of the Hoshizaki Green Foundation 10: 211-223. PDF [8]
Santos-Silva A. & Hovore F. T.† 2007 - Divisão do gênero Distenia Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, notas sobre a venação alar em Disteniini, homonímias, sinonímia e redescrições (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Disteniinae) - Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 47 (1): 1-29 PDF [9]
Švácha, P.; Lawrence, J. (2014). "2.3. Disteniidae J. Thomson, 1861" (PDF). In Leschen, R.A.B.; Beutel, R.G. (eds.). Handbook of Zoology, Arthropoda: Insecta; Coleoptera, Beetles, Volume 3: Morphology and Systematics (Phytophaga). Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 60–77. doi:10.1515/9783110274462.60. ISBN 978-3-11-027446-2.