Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Malacostraca
Subclassis: Eumalacostraca
Superordo: Eucarida
Ordo: Decapoda
Subordo: Pleocyemata
Infraordo: Brachyura
Sectio: Eubrachyura
Subsectio: Thoracotremata
Superfamilia: Grapsoidea
Familia: Varunidae
Genus: Hemigrapsus
Species (15): H. affinis – H. crassimanus – H. crenulatus – H. estellinensis – H. gibbus – H. longitarsis – H. nudus – H. octodentatus – H. oregonensis – H. pallipes – H. penicillatus – H. sanguineus – H. sexdentatus – H. sinensis – H. takanoi
[source: WoRMS]
Name
Hemigrapsus Dana, 1851
Type species: Hemigrapsus crassimanus Dana, 1851
References
Primary references
Dana, J.D. 1851. On the classification of the Crustacea Grapsoidea. The American journal of science and arts 12(2): 283–290. BHL Reference page. [See page 288.]
Hemigrapsus is a genus of varunid crabs comprising thirteen species native almost exclusively in the Pacific Ocean, but two have been introduced to the North Atlantic region.
Contents
1 Biogeography
2 Species
3 References
4 External links
Biogeography
The natural range of the genus is restricted to the Pacific Ocean, except for Hemigrapsus affinis which lives along the Atlantic coasts of South America, from Cape São Roque (Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil) to the San Matías Gulf, (Patagonia, Argentina). H. estellinensis is almost certainly extinct, but was endemic to a hypersaline spring in the Texas Panhandle, 500 mi (800 km) from the sea.[1] Populations of Hemigrapsus sanguineus have been introduced from the species' native range in East Asia to several places, and now range along the Atlantic coast of North American from Portland, Maine to North Carolina, along the West European coast from northern Spain to Denmark, and in the northern Adriatic Sea and northern Black Sea.[2][3][4][5] H. takanoi is native to East Asia, but has been introduced to western Europe, now extending from northern Spain to Denmark, including the westernmost Baltic Sea area.[6][7]
Species
Fifteen species are currently recognised:[8]
Hemigrapsus affinis Dana, 1851
Hemigrapsus crassimanus Dana, 1851
Hemigrapsus crenulatus (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837)
†Hemigrapsus estellinensis Creel, 1964
Hemigrapsus gibbus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846)
Hemigrapsus longitarsus (Miers, 1879)
Hemigrapsus nudus (Dana, 1851)
Hemigrapsus octodentatus (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837)
Hemigrapsus oregonensis (Dana, 1851)
Hemigrapsus pallipes (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837)
Hemigrapsus penicillatus (De Haan, 1835)
Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan, 1835)
Hemigrapsus sexdentatus (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837)
Hemigrapsus sinensis Rathbun, 1931
Hemigrapsus takanoi Asakura & Watanabe, 2005
References
Gordon C. Creel (1964). "Hemigrapsus estellinensis: a new grapsoid crab from North Texas". The Southwestern Naturalist. 8 (4): 236–241. doi:10.2307/3669636. JSTOR 3669636.
John J. McDermott (1991). "A breeding population of the Western Pacific crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Grapsidae) established on the Atlantic coast of North America" (PDF). Biological Bulletin. 181 (1): 195–198. doi:10.2307/1542503. JSTOR 1542503. PMID 29303652.
Jessica D. Sharon. "Japanese shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus)". Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant College Program. Archived from the original on March 3, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
Dragoş Micu; Victor Niţă; Valentina Todorova (2010). "First record of the Japanese shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus (de Haan, 1835) (Brachyura: Grapsoidea: Varunidae) from the Black Sea" (PDF). Aquatic Invasions. 5 (Supplement 1): S1–S4. doi:10.3391/ai.2010.5.S1.001.
GB Non-native Species Secretariat (September 2015). "Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian shore crab)". nonnativespecies.org. Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
Akira Asakura; Seiichi Watanabe (2005). "Hemigrapsus takanoi, new species, a sibling species of the common Japanese intertidal crab H. penicillatus (Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsoidea)" (PDF). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 25 (2): 279–292. doi:10.1651/C-2514.
Geburzi, J.C.; G. Graumann; S. Köhnk; D. Brandi (2015). "First record of the Asian crab Hemigrapsus takanoi Asakura & Watanabe, 2005 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Varunidae) in the Baltic Sea". BioInvasions Records. 4 (2): 103–107. doi:10.3391/bir.2015.4.2.06.
Peter K. L. Ng; Danièle Guinot; Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 17: 1–286. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-06.
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