Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Araneae
Subordo: Opisthothelae
Infraordo: Mygalomorphae
Superfamilia: Barycheloidea
Familia: Barychelidae
Subfamiliae: Barychelinae - Sasoninae - Trichopelmatinae
List of genera
Ammonius – Atrophothele – Aurecocrypta – Barycheloides – Barychelus – Cosmopelma – Cyphonisia – Cyrtogrammomma – Diplothele – Encyocrypta – Eubrachycercus – Fijocrypta – Idioctis – Idiommata – Idiophthalma – Mandjelia – Monodontium – Moruga – Natgeogia – Neodiplothele – Nihoa – Orstom – Ozicrypta – Paracenobiopelma – Pisenor – Plagiobothrus – Psalistops – Questocrypta – Reichlingia – Rhianodes – Sason – Sasonichus – Seqocrypta – Sipalolasma – Strophaeus – Synothele – Thalerommata – Tigidia – Trichopelma – Trittame – Troglothele – Tungari – Zophorame – Zophoryctes
Name
Barychelidae Simon, 1889
References
Guadanucci, J.P.L. 2012: Trichobothrial morphology of Theraphosidae and Barychelidae spiders (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). Zootaxa 3439: 1–42. Preview. Reference page.
Raven, R. J. 1994. Mygalomorph spiders of the Barychelidae in Australia and the western Pacific. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 35(2): 291–706.
selected links
The World Spider Catalog, Version 15.5
Vernacular names
català: Bariquèlid
English: Brushed trapdoor spider
中文: 螯耙蛛科
Barychelidae, also known as brushed trapdoor spiders, is a spider family with about 300 species in 42 genera.[1]
Behaviour
Most spiders in this family build trapdoor burrows. For example, the 20 millimetres (0.79 in) long Sipalolasma builds its burrow in rotted wood, with a hinged trapdoor at each end. The 10 millimetres (0.39 in) long Idioctis builds its burrow approximately 5 centimetres (2.0 in) deep, just below the high tide level, sealing the opening with a thin trapdoor.[2]
Some species avoid flooding by plugging their burrows, while others can avoid drowning by trapping air bubbles within the hairs covering their bodies.[3][example needed] Some members of this group have a rake on the front surface of their chelicerae used for compacting burrow walls.[4] These spiders can run up glass like tarantulas, and some can stridulate, though it isn't audible to humans.[5]
Distribution
Barychelids are found in Australia, New Caledonia, South America, Africa, Madagascar, India, New Guinea, and Pacific islands.[1]
Genera
Main article: List of Barychelidae species
As of April 2019, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:[1]
Ammonius Thorell, 1899 — Cameroon
Atrophothele Pocock, 1903 — Yemen
Aurecocrypta Raven, 1994 — Australia
Barycheloides Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
Barychelus Simon, 1889 — New Caledonia
Cosmopelma Simon, 1889 — Brazil
Cyphonisia Simon, 1889 — Africa
Cyrtogrammomma Pocock, 1895 — Guyana
Diplothele O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891 — Sri Lanka, India
Encyocrypta Simon, 1889 — New Caledonia
Eubrachycercus Pocock, 1897 — Somalia
Fijocrypta Raven, 1994 — Fiji
Idioctis L. Koch, 1874 — Oceania, Africa, Singapore
Idiommata Ausserer, 1871 — Australia
Idiophthalma O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877 — South America
Mandjelia Raven, 1994 — Australia
Monodontium Kulczyński, 1908 — Singapore, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia
Moruga Raven, 1994 — Australia
Natgeogia Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
Neodiplothele Mello-Leitão, 1917 — Brazil
Nihoa Raven & Churchill, 1992 — Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu
Orstom Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
Ozicrypta Raven, 1994 — Australia
Paracenobiopelma Feio, 1952 — Brazil
Pisenor Simon, 1889 — Africa
Plagiobothrus Karsch, 1892 — Sri Lanka
Psalistops Simon, 1889 — Venezuela, Brazil, Costa Rica
Questocrypta Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
Rhianodes Raven, 1985 — Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines
Sason Simon, 1887 — Asia, Oceania, Seychelles
Sasonichus Pocock, 1900 — India
Seqocrypta Raven, 1994 — Australia
Sipalolasma Simon, 1892 — Asia, Africa
Strophaeus Ausserer, 1875 — Brazil, Peru, Panama
Synothele Simon, 1908 — Australia
Thalerommata Ausserer, 1875 — Colombia, Mexico
Tigidia Simon, 1892 — Madagascar, Mauritius
Trittame L. Koch, 1874 — Australia
Troglothele Fage, 1929 — Cuba
Tungari Raven, 1994 — Australia
Zophorame Raven, 1990 — Australia
Zophoryctes Simon, 1902 — Madagascar
References
"Family: Barychelidae Simon, 1889". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
Murphy, Frances; Murphy, John (2000). An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Nature Society.
Bristowe, W.S. (September 1930). "XXXIV.— Notes on the biology of spiders .—II. Aquatic spiders". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 6 (33): 343–347. doi:10.1080/00222933008673222. ISSN 0374-5481.
Levi, Herbert W.; Levi, Lorna R. Spiders and Their Kin. p. 20.
Raven, R.J. (1994). "Mygalomorph spiders of the Barychelidae in Australia and the Western Pacific". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 35 (2): 291–706.
Raven, R.J. (1986): A revision of the spider genus Sason Simon (Sasoninae, Barychelidae, Mygalomorphae) and its historical biogeography. Journal of Arachnology 14: 47-70. PDF
Valerio, CE. (1986): Mygalomorph spiders in the Barychelidae (Araneae) from Costa Rica. J. Arachnol. 14: 93-99. PDF (Psalistops venadensis, Trichopelma laselva)
Schwendinger, P.J. (2003): Two new species of the arboreal trapdoor spider genus Sason (Araneae, Barychelidae) from Southeast Asia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51(2): 197-207. PDF (S. sundaicum, S. andamanicum)
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