Astacidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Cladus: Pancrustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Malacostraca
Subclassis: Eumalacostraca
Superordo: Eucarida
Ordo: Decapoda
Subordo: Pleocyemata
Infraordo: Astacidea
Superfamilia: Astacoidea

Familia: Astacidae
Genera: Astacus - Atlantoastacus - Austropotamobius - Caspiastacus - Pacifastacus - Pontastacus

Name

Astacidae (correction by Samouelle, 1819, of 'Astacini') Latreille, 1802

Type genus: Astacus Fabricius, 1775
References

Latrielle (1802), in Sonnini's Buffon, Hist. nat. gén. partic. Crust. Ins. 3: 32
Samouelle (1819). Entomol. useful Compendium: 94

Vernacular names
中文: 正螯虾科

Astacidae is a family of freshwater crayfish native to Europe and western North America. The family is made up of four extant (living) genera: The genera Astacus (which includes the European crayfish), Pontastacus (which includes the Turkish crayfish), and Austropotamobius are all found throughout Europe and parts of western Asia, while Pacifastacus is found on the Pacific coast of the United States and British Columbia and includes the signal crayfish and the Shasta crayfish.
Classification and Phylogeny

Astacidae belongs to the superfamily Astacoidea, which contains all crayfish in the Northern Hemisphere. Astacoidea is the sister taxon to Parastacoidea, which contains all crayfish of the Southern Hemisphere. Crayfish and lobsters together comprise the infraorder Astacidea, as shown in the simplified cladogram below:[1][2][3]

Astacidea	clawed lobsters Enoplometopoidea Enoplometopidae Nephropoidea Nephropidae crayfish Parastacoidea Parastacidae Astacoidea Cambaroididae Astacidae Cambaridae

The internal phylogeny of Astacidae can be further shown in the cladogram below:[2]

Astacidae	Pacifastacus Astacus Pontastacus Austropotamobius

Species

The family Astacidae contains the following genera and species:[2]

Astacus Fabricius, 1775
Astacus astacus (Linnaeus, 1775) - Europe - "European crayfish"
Astacus balcanicus (Karaman, 1929) - Republic of Macedonia and Greece
Astacus colchicus Kessler, 1876 - Georgia (country)
?†Astacus edwardsii Van Straelen, 1928 - France - proposed to new genus Emplastron in 2021 study[4]
†Astacus laevissimus Fritsch & Kafka, 1887 - Czech Republic
†Astacus multicavatus Bell, 1863 - United Kingdom
Austropotamobius Skorikov, 1907
Austropotamobius fulcisianus (Ninni, 1886) - southern Europe (Italy, Croatia, Switzerland, Austria)
†Austropotamobius llopisi (Via, 1971) - Spain
Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) - France - "white-clawed crayfish"
Austropotamobius torrentium (von Paula Schrank, 1803) - Germany, Croatia, Macedonia - "stone crayfish"
†Emplastron O'Flynn, Audo & Kawai, 2021[4]
†Emplastron edwardsi (Van Straelen, 1928) - Sézanne, France - Paleocene (Thanetian)
Pacifastacus Bott, 1950
†Pacifastacus chenoderma (Cope, 1871) - Idaho, USA
Pacifastacus connectens (Faxon, 1914) - Idaho, USA
Pacifastacus fortis (Faxon, 1914) - California, USA - "Shasta crayfish"
Pacifastacus gambelii (Girard, 1852) - California, USA
Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852) - Columbia River, west coast of North America - "signal crayfish"
†Pacifastacus nigrescens (Stimpson, 1857) - around San Francisco, California, USA - "sooty crayfish" (recently extinct)
Pontastacus Bott, 1950
Pontastacus cubanicus (Birstein & Vinogradov, 1934) - Black Sea, Russia
Pontastacus danubialis Brodsky, 1981 - Danube Delta lakes, Ukraine
Pontastacus daucinus Brodsky, 1981 - Danube Delta lakes, Ukraine and Moldova
Pontastacus eichwaldi (Bott, 1950) - Caspian Sea
Pontastacus kessleri (Schimkewitsch, 1886) - Turkestan
Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) - around the Black Sea, in Crimea, Russia, and Turkey - "Turkish crayfish"
Pontastacus pachypus (Rathke, 1837) - Caspian Sea, Black Sea, Sea of Azov - "Caspian crayfish"
Pontastacus pylzowi (Skorikov, 1907) - eastern part of Transcaucasia
Pontastacus salinus (von Nordmann, 1842) - Black Sea

References

Wolfe, Joanna M.; Breinholt, Jesse W.; Crandall, Keith A.; Lemmon, Alan R.; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Timm, Laura E.; Siddall, Mark E.; Bracken-Grissom, Heather D. (24 April 2019). "A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 286 (1901). doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0079. PMC 6501934. PMID 31014217.
Crandall, Keith A.; De Grave, Sammy (2017). "An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 37 (5): 615–653. doi:10.1093/jcbiol/rux070.
Heather D. Bracken-Grissom; Shane T. Ahyong; Richard D. Wilkinson; Rodney M. Feldmann; Carrie E. Schweitzer; Jesse W. Breinholt; Matthew Bendall; Ferran Palero; Tin-Yam Chan; Darryl L. Felder; Rafael Robles; Ka-Hou Chu; Ling-Ming Tsang; Dohyup Kim; Joel W. Martin; Keith A. Crandall (July 2014). "The Emergence of Lobsters: Phylogenetic Relationships, Morphological Evolution and Divergence Time Comparisons of an Ancient Group (Decapoda: Achelata, Astacidea, Glypheidea, Polychelida)". Systematic Biology. 63 (4): 457–479. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syu008. PMID 24562813.
O'Flynn, Robert J.; Audo, Denis; Kawai, Tadashi (2021-10-01). "Systematic Revision and Palaeobiology of Emplastron edwardsi (Van Straelen, 1928) gen. et comb. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae) Entombed within Travertine, from Sézanne, France". Paleontological Research. 25 (4). doi:10.2517/2021PR007. ISSN 1342-8144.