Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Malacostraca
Subclassis: Eumalacostraca
Superordo: Eucarida
Ordo: Decapoda
Subordo: Pleocyemata
Infraordo: Anomura
Superfamilia: Galatheoidea
Familia: Aeglidae
Genera (3): Aegla - †Haumuriaegla – †Protaegla
Vernacular names
中文: 辉虾科
The Aeglidae are a family of freshwater crustaceans currently restricted to South America. They are the only anomurans to be found in fresh water except for a single hermit crab species, Clibanarius fonticola, on Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu.[1] They live between 20° S and 50° S,[2] at altitudes between 320 and 3,500 m (1,050–11,480 ft).[3]
Description
Aeglids resemble squat lobsters in that the abdomen is partly tucked under the thorax. The notable sexual dimorphism in the abdomen is related to the behaviour of carrying fertilised eggs on the pleopods.[4] The carapace length of the largest species may approach 6 cm (2.4 in), but most are considerably smaller.[3]
Aeglids are omnivorous, preferring plant matter, but also eating adult insects, molluscs, fish and fly larvae.[5]
The internal anatomy has been described for Aegla cholchol and generally resembles that of other anomurans, particularly galatheoid squat lobsters. The morphology of the antennal gland bladder differs from that in other anomurans in having a twisted tubular structure which was interpreted as an adaption to the freshwater lifestyle.[6]
Life cycle
Mating is preceded by a period of courtship, and does not coincide with moulting, as it does in many other decapods.[7] The eggs of aeglids hatch as juveniles which closely resemble the adults. They are cared for by their parents and live at the bottom of the body of water.[8]
Extant taxa
Aegla, the only extant genus in the family, contains around 74 described extant species.[9] Of the 63 species and subspecies described by 2008, two are found in lakes, four in caves, and the remaining 57 are found mainly in rivers.[3] 42 species are found in Brazil, all restricted to the country's southern and southeastern regions (Rio Grande do Sul alone is home to 24).[9] Other countries with species are Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.[3] More than a third of the species are considered threatened,[3] and in Brazil alone 26 species are officially recognized as threatened, including 8 critically endangered.[10]
Species
This list contains all the described species as of 2013:[Note 1]
Aegla abtao Schmitt, 1942
Aegla affinis Schmitt, 1942
Aegla alacalufi Jara & López, 1981
Aegla araucaniensis Jara, 1980
Aegla bahamondei Jara, 1982
Aegla brevipalma Bond-Buckup & Santos in Santos et al., 2012
Aegla camargoi Buckup & Rossi, 1977
Aegla castro Schmitt, 1942
Aegla cavernicola Türkay, 1972
Aegla cholchol Jara & Palacios, 1999
Aegla concepcionensis Schmitt, 1942
Aegla denticulata Nicolet, 1849
Aegla expansa Jara, 1992
Aegla franca Schmitt, 1942
Aegla franciscana Buckup & Rossi, 1977
Aegla georginae Santos & Jara in Santos et al., 2013
Aegla grisella Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla hueicollensis Jara & Palacios, 1999
Aegla humahuaca Schmitt, 1942
Aegla inconspicua Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla inermis Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla intercalata Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla intermedia Girard, 1855
Aegla itacolomiensis Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla jarai Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla jujuyana Schmitt, 1942
Aegla laevis (Latreille, 1818)
Aegla lata Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla leachi Bond-Buckup & Buckup in Santos et al., 2012
Aegla leptochela Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla leptodactyla Buckup & Rossi, 1977
Aegla ligulata Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla longirostri Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla ludwigi Santos & Jara in Santos et al., 2013
Aegla manni Jara, 1980
Aegla marginata Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla manuniflata Bond-Buckup & Santos in Santos et al., 2009
Aegla microphthalma Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla muelleri Bond-Buckup & Buckup in Bond-Buckup et al., 2010
Aegla neuquensis Schmitt, 1942
Aegla oblata Bond-Buckup & Santos in Santos et al., 2012
Aegla obstipa Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla occidentalis Jara, Pérez-Losada & Crandall, 2003
Aegla odebrechtii Müller, 1876
Aegla papudo Schmitt, 1942
Aegla parana Schmitt, 1942
Aegla parva Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla paulensis Schmitt, 1942
Aegla perobae Hebling & Rodrigues, 1977
Aegla pewenchae Jara, 1994
Aegla plana Buckup & Rossi, 1977
Aegla platensis Schmitt, 1942
Aegla pomerana Bond-Buckup & Buckup in Bond-Buckup et al., 2010
Aegla prado Schmitt, 1942
Aegla renana Bond-Buckup & Santos in Santos et al., 2010
Aegla ringueleti Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla riolimayana Schmitt, 1942
Aegla rossiana Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla rostrata Jara, 1977
Aegla saltensis Bond-Buckup & Jara in Bond-Buckup et al., 2010
Aegla sanlorenzo Schmitt, 1942
Aegla scamosa Ringuelet, 1948
Aegla schmitti Hobbs III, 1979
Aegla septentrionalis Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla serrana Buckup & Rossi, 1977
Aegla singularis Ringuelet, 1948
Aegla spectabilis Jara, 1986
Aegla spinipalma Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla spinosa Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Aegla strinatii Türkay, 1972
Aegla talcahuano Schmitt, 1942
Aegla uruguayana Schmitt, 1942
Aegla violacea Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994
Fossil taxa
Haumuriaegla
Haumuriaegla glaessneri is a species known only from fossils of Haumurian age (Late Cretaceous) found near Cheviot, New Zealand.[13] At the time of its discovery, Haumuriaegla was the only known fossil from the family and the only marine member.
Protaegla
Protaegla miniscula was discovered in rocks of Albian age from the Tlayúa Formation, near Tepexi de Rodríguez, Mexico.[14]
Evolution
The family as a whole is thought to have originated around 75 million years ago in a marine environment,[3] and then entered South America from the Pacific side during the Oligocene.
References
Patsy A. McLaughlin; Talbot Murray (1990). "Clibanarius fonticola, new species (Anomura: Paguridea: Diogenidae), from a fresh-water pool on Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 10 (4): 695–702. doi:10.2307/1548413. JSTOR 1548413.
Christopher C. Tudge (2003). "Endemic and enigmatic: the reproductive biology of Aegla (Crustacea: Anomura: Aeglidae) with observations on sperm structure" (PDF). Memoirs of Museum Victoria. 60 (1): 63–70. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-08-23. Retrieved 2010-03-10.
Georgina Bond-Buckup; Carlos G. Jara; Marcos Pérez-Losada; Ludwig Buckup; Keith A. Crandall (2008). "Global diversity of crabs (Aeglidae: Anomura: Decapoda) in freshwater". Hydrobiologia. 595 (1): 267–273. doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9022-4.
Karine Delevati Colpo; Ludmilla Oliveira Ribeiro; Sandro Santos (2005). "Population biology of the freshwater anomuran Aegla longirostri (Aeglidae) from South Brazilian streams". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 25 (3): 495–499. doi:10.1651/C-2543.
Sandro Santos; Luciane Ayres-Peres; Rosana C. F. Cardoso; Carolina C. Sokolowicz (2008). "Natural diet of the freshwater anomuran Aegla longirostri (Crustacea, Anomura, Aeglidae)". Journal of Natural History. 42 (13 & 14): 1027–1037. doi:10.1080/00222930701882466.
Jonas Keiler; Stefan Richter; Christian S. Wirkner (2016). "Revealing their innermost secrets: an evolutionary perspective on the disparity of the organ systems in anomuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura)". Contributions to Zoology. 85 (4): 361–386. Archived from the original on 2017-01-18. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
M. Almerão; G. Bond-Buckup; M. de S. Mendonça Jr. (2010). "Mating behavior of Aegla platensis (Crustacea, Anomura, Aeglidae) under laboratory conditions". Journal of Ethology. 28: 87–94. doi:10.1007/s10164-009-0159-7.
Pablo Collins; Veronica Williner; Federico Giri (2007). "Littoral Communities. Macrocrustaceans". In Martín H. Iriondo; Juan César Paggi; María Julieta Parma (eds.). The Middle Paraná River: Limnology of a Subtropical Wetland. Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 277–301. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70624-3_11. ISBN 978-3-540-70624-3.
Sandro Santos; Carlos G. Jara; Marlise Ladvocat Bartholomei-Santos; Marcos Pérez-Losada; Keith A. Crandall (2013). "New species and records of the genus Aegla Leach, 1820 (Crustacea, Anomura, Aeglidae) from the West-Central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil". Nauplius. 21 (2). doi:10.1590/S0104-64972013000200008.
ICMBio (Ministry of the Environment, Brazil): Portaria MMA nº 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014. Lista de Especies Ameaçadas - Saiba Mais. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
Patsy A. McLaughlin; Rafael Lemaitre; Keith A. Crandall (2010). "Annotated checklist of anomuran decapod crustaceans of the world (exclusive of the Kiwaoidea and families Chirostylidae and Galatheidae of the Galatheoidea). Part III – Aegloidea" (PDF). Zootaxa. Suppl. 23: 131–137.
Sandro Santos; Georgina Bond-Buckup; Ludwig Buckup; Marcos Pérez-Losada; Maegan Finley; Keith A. Crandall (2012). "Three new species of Aegla (Anomura) freshwater crabs from the upper Uruguay River hydrographic basin in Brazil". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 32 (4): 529–540. doi:10.1163/193724012X635935.
R. M. Feldmann (1984). "Haumuriaegla glaessneri n. gen. and sp. (Decapoda; Anomura; Aeglidae) from Haumurian (Late Cretaceous) rocks near Cheviot, New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 27: 379–385. doi:10.1080/00288306.1984.10422305.
Rodney M. Feldmann; Francisco J. Vega; Shelton P. Applegate & Gale A. Bishop. "Early Cretaceous arthropods from the Tlayúa Formation at Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, Mexico". Journal of Paleontology. 72 (1): 79–90. doi:10.1017/s0022336000024033.
List comprises species listed by McLaughlin et al. (2010),[11] with updates from Santos et al. (2012)[12] and Santos et al. (2013).[9]
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