Vaccinium floribundum

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Ordo: Ericales

Familia: Ericaceae
Subfamilia: Vaccinioideae
Tribus: Vaccinieae
Genus: Vaccinium
Sectio: V. sect. Pyxothamnus
Species: Vaccinium floribundum
Name

Vaccinium floribundum Kunth in Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3(11): 266, t. 251. 1818 [1819]. – Nov. Gen. Sp. (folio ed.) 3(11): 208, t. 251. 1818 [1819].
Synonymy

Heterotypic
Vaccinium crenulatum Dunal in DC., Prodr. 7(2): 570. 1839.
Typus: Peru, Amazonas: "Prov. of Chachapoyas"; A.Mathews s.n. (holotype: G-00035480; isotype: MPU-012334 [fragm.]).
Vaccinium marginatum Dunal in DC., Prodr. 7(2): 570. 1839.
Typus: Peru, Amazonas: "Prov. Chachapoyas"; A.Mathews s.n. (holotype: G-00076234; isotypes: G-00076235, G-00076236, MPU-012343 [fragm.], S-05-4351, S-05-4352; possible isotypes: BR-0000006997519, F-0077280F [fragm. ex M], M [negative 20042 in F]).
Vaccinium ramosissimum Dunal in DC., Prodr. 7(2): 571. 1839.
Metagonia crenulata (Dunal) Nutt., Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s., 8: 266. 1842.
Metagonia marginata (Dunal) Nutt., Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s., 8: 266. 1842.
Vaccinium polystachyum Benth., Pl. Hartw.: 140. 1844 [1845].
Vaccinium mortinia Benth., Pl. Hartw.: 221(–222). 1846. (as Vaccinium Mortinia)
Vaccinium thymifolium Klotzsch, Linnaea 24(1): 62(–63). 1851.
Vaccinium moritzianum Klotzsch, Linnaea 24(1): 63. 1851. (as V. Moritzianum)
Vaccinium moritzianum var. ovatum Klotzsch, Linnaea 24(1): 63. 1851.
Vaccinium moritzianum var. oblongum Klotzsch, Linnaea 24(1): 63. 1851.
Vaccinium callosum Griseb. ex Wedd., Chlor. Andina 2(12–13): 177. 1857 [1860], nom. inval. pro syn.
Vaccinium floribundum var. splendens Wedd., Chlor. Andina 2(12–13): 177. 1857 [1860]. (as β splendens)
Vaccinium floribundum var. polystachyum (Benth.) Wedd., Chlor. Andina 2(12–13): 177. 1857 [1860]. (as γ polystachyum)
Vaccinium dasygynum S.F.Blake, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14(13): 289(–290). 1924.
Typus: Ecuador, Azuay: Vicinity of Nabón; 25 Sep 1918; J.N.Rose, A.Pachano & G.Rose 23017 (holotype: US-00116901 [=1189978]; isotypes: GH-00055287, NY-00010655).
Vaccinium leiandrum S.F.Blake, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20(13): 528(–529). 1924.
Typus: Venezuela, Mérida: Páramo de las Piedras Blancas, alt. 3800 m; 27 Mar 1915; A.Jahn 427 (holotype: US-00116921 [=703598]; isotype: VEN-11150).
Vaccinium tatei Rusby, Phytologia 1(2): 71(–72). 1934.
Typus: Bolivia, La Paz: Cordillera Real, Pongo, alt. 12000 ft. [ca. 3650 m]; 17 Feb–1 Mar 1926; G.H.H.Tate 199 (holotype: NY-00010685; possible isotype: NY-02635530).
Vaccinium floribundum var. marginatum (Dunal) Sleumer, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13(116): 131. 1936.
Vaccinium floribundum var. ramosissimum (Dunal) Sleumer, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13(116): 131(–132). 1936.
Vaccinium floribundum var. tatei (Rusby) Sleumer, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13(116): 132. 1936. (as Tatei)

Homonym

Vaccinium floribundum (G.Don) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 2(7): 1060. 1859, nom. illeg. hom.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Southern America
Central America
Costa Rica, Panama.
Northern South America
Venezuela.
Western South America
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.
Southern South America
Argentina Northwest.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Bentham, G. 1839–1857. Plantas Hartwegianas imprimis mexicanas adjectis nonnullis Grahamianis enumerat novasque describit Georgius Bentham. 393 pp. Londini [London]. BHL Reference page.
Blake, S.F. 1924. New plants from Central and South America. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 14: 284–293. BHL Reference page.
Blake, S.F. 1924. New plants from Venezuela. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 20: 519–541, tt. 38–47. BHL JSTOR Reference page.
Dunal, F. 1839. Ordo CXIII. Vaccinieae. Pp. 552–579 in De Candolle, A.P., Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive enumeratio contracta ordinum, generum, specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta, Pars 7, Sectio posterior, Sistens ultimos Calyciflorarum ordines. Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Würtz, Parisiis [Paris], Argentorati [Strasbourg]. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page.
Klotzsch, J.F. 1851. Studien über die natürliche Klasse Bicornes Linné. Linnaea 24: 1–88. BHL Reference page.
Kunth, C.S. 1819. Ericeae. Juss. Pp. 263–299, tt. 248–264 in Humboldt, A., Bonpland, A. & Kunth, C.S., Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in peregrinatione ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt, Tomus 3 (quarto ed.). Sumtibus Librariae Graeco-Latino-Germanicae, Lutetiae Parisiorum [Paris]. BHL Reference page.
Kunth, C.S. 1819. Ericeae. Juss. Pp. 206–233, tt. 248–264 in Humboldt, A., Bonpland, A. & Kunth, C.S., Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in peregrinatione orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt, Tomus 3 (folio ed.). Sumtibus Librariae Graeco-Latino-Germanicae, Lutetiae Parisiorum [Paris]. e-rara.ch Reference page.
Nuttall, T. 1842. Description and notices of new or rare plants in the natural orders Lobeliaceae, Campanulaceae, Vaccinieae, Ericaceae, collected in a journey over the continent of North America, and during a visit to the Sandwich Islands, and Upper California. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series, 8: 251–272. BHL Reference page.
Rusby, H.H. 1934. New species of plants of the Ladew expedition to Bolivia. Phytologia 1: 49–80. BHL Reference page.
Sleumer, H. 1936. Die Arten der Gattung Vaccinium L. in Zentral- und Südamerika. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 13: 111–140. DOI: 10.2307/3994921 JSTOR Reference page.
Weddell, H.A. 1860. Ord. XXII. Ericaceae. Pp. 168–183 in Chloris Andina. Essai d'une flore de la région alpine des Cordillères de l'Amérique du Sud, Tome 2. P. Bertrand, Paris. BHL Reference page.

Additional references

Luteyn, J.L. & Vidal-Lemus, M.L. 2015. Ericaceae. Pp. 1–35, tt. 1–43 in Flora de la Real Expedición Botánica del Nuevo Reyno de Granada (1783–1816) promovida y dirigida por José Celestino Mutis. Tomo XXI: Ericaceae, Fabaceae subfamilia Faboideae p.p., Fabaceae subfamilia Mimosoideae y Ochnaceae. Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia (ICANH), Bogotá. ISBN 978-958-8852-10-2 Biblioteca Digital Reference page.
Luteyn, J.L. & Wilbur, R.L. 2005. Family #172 Ericaceae. In Burger, W. (ed.), Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana: Botany, new ser., 45: I–VI, 1–107. DOI: 10.3158/0015-0746(2005)45[1:FCFE]2.0.CO;2 BHL Reference page.
Luteyn, J.L. & Wilbur, R.L. 2010. Ericaceae. Pp. 239–283 in Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.), Manual de plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. V, Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae–Gunneraceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. ISBN 978-1-935641-01-8. Reference page.
Macbride, J.F. 1959. Ericaceae. In Flora of Peru. Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 13(5/1): 50–149. BHL Reference page.
Wilbur, R.L. 2009. 24. Vaccinium L.. Pp. 448–457 in Luteyn, J.L., Wilbur, R.L. & Dorr, L.J., 191. Ericaceae. In Davidse, G., Sousa S., M., Knapp, S. & Chiang, F. (eds.), Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 4, Parte 1: Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis; The Natural History Museum, London. ISBN 978-607-02-0901-7. Online Reference page.
Wilbur, R.L. & Luteyn, J.L. 2008. A synopsis of the Mexican and Central American species of Vaccinium (Ericaceae). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2: 207–241. BHL JSTOR Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2018. Vaccinium floribundum. Published online. Accessed: 13 April 2018.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Vaccinium floribundum.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Vaccinium floribundum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2018-04-13.
Hassler, M. 2018. Vaccinium floribundum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 June 22. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2018. Vaccinium floribundum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 13 April 2018.
Vaccinium floribundum in Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Accessed: 14 April 2018.
Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia): Vaccinium floribundum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 13 April 2018.
Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador: Vaccinium floribundum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 13 April 2018.
Tropicos.org: Peru Checklist: Vaccinium floribundum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 13 April 2018.
Tropicos.org: Bolivia Catalogue: Vaccinium floribundum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 13 April 2018.
Vaccinium floribundum in Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Accessed: 13 April 2018.

Vernacular names
English: Andean blueberry
español: Mortiño, agraz
Runa Simi: K'aymitu

Vaccinium floribundum, commonly known as mortiño or Andean blueberry, is a slender shrub that grows in the northern Andes in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela at elevations from 1,800 to 3,800 metres (5,900 to 12,500 ft). It can reach 2–3 m (6 ft 7 in–9 ft 10 in) high or it can be dwarf and prostrate. The plant produces an edible fruit, a round berry that is bluish black and glaucous, that is collected and eaten raw and used in preserves. It is sold at some markets and is used for a dish celebrating the Day of the Dead along with spices and other chopped fruits.[2]

References

The Plant List, Vaccinium floribundum Kunth
"Berries." Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1989.