Sophora tomentosa

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Sophoreae
Genus: Sophora
Sectio: S. sect. Sophora
Series: S. ser. Sophora
Species: Sophora tomentosa
Varietates: S. t. var. australis – S. t. var. littoralis – S. t. var. occidentalis – S. t. var. tomentosa
Name

Sophora tomentosa L., Sp. Pl. 1: 373 (1753).
Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa
Regional: West Tropical Africa
Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierre Leone, Togo.
Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
Central African Republic, Gulf of Guinea Islands.
Regional: East Tropical Africa
Kenya, Tanzania.
Regional: South Tropical Africa
Mozambique.
Regional: Western Indian Ocean
Aldabra, Mauritius (introduced), Madagascar, Rodrigues (introduced), Seychelles.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: China
Hainan, China Southeast.
Regional: Eastern Asia
Japan (introduced), Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Taiwan.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Indian Subcontinent
Bangladesh, India, Laccadive Islands, Maldives, Pakistan (introduced), Sri Lanka.
Regional: Indo-China
Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, South China Sea, Thailand, Vietnam.
Regional: Malesia
Jawa.
Regional: Papuasia
Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea.
Continental: Australasia
Regional: Australia
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland.
Continental: Pacific
Regional: Southwestern Pacific
Fiji, Gilbert Islands, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Islands.
Regional: South-Central Pacific
Cook Islands.
Regional: North-Central Pacific
Hawaii (introduced).
Continental: Northern America
Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
Texas.
Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
Florida.
Regional: Mexico
Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast.
Continental: Southern America
Regional: Central America
Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
Regional: Caribbean
Aruba, Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Turks-Caicos Islands, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Islands.
Regional: Northern South America
Venezuela
Regional: Western South America
Colombia.
Regional: Brazil
Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 373. Reference page.

Additional references

Balslav, H. & Chantaranothai, P. 2018. Flora of Thailand 4(3.1): 221-371. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
Villaseñor, J.L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559–902. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.017 Online PDF Reference page.
Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. 2013. Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl. 434 pp. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Sophora tomentosa in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 04. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Sophora tomentosa. Published online. Accessed: Jun 04 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Sophora tomentosa. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 04.
Hassler, M. 2021. Sophora tomentosa. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 04. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Sophora tomentosa. Accessed: 04 Jun 2021.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Sophora tomentosa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
English: Yellow Necklacepod, Silverbush

Sophora tomentosa, also known as necklacepod, yellow necklacepod,[3] and occasionally as silver bush, is a pantropical[1] shrub or small tree in the family Fabaceae. It commonly ranges in height from 4 to 10 feet and often occurs in coastal conditions and near wetlands.[4] The common name Necklacepod is derived from the characteristic string of seed pods that develop after its yellow flowers germinate into seeds.

Necklacepod is a nectar plant for bees, butterflies, and in parts of the Americas hummingbirds as well. It is suggested for use by native plant enthusiasts in Florida as a good landscape plant for xeriscaping[5] but it only naturally occurs in coastal counties in the central and southern part of the state,[4] while closely related varieties occur in Texas, and the Caribbean.[6] The variety of Necklacepod growing in Australia is considered an endangered species in some areas due to the clearing of coastal habitat and displacement by invasive species.[7]

In Sri Lanka, the plant is known as moodu murunga. The inedible pod has some similarities to the murunga (drumstick) pod. It has been used to make fish poisons, insect and spider repellents etc., esp in Africa.

Seed pods
References

"Sophora tomentosa". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2011-06-09.
"Sophora tomentosa L. — the Plant List".
"Sophora tomentosa". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
Wunderlin, Richard; Bruce Hansen. "Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants". Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa. Retrieved 24 March 2011.
Gann, G.D. "Natives For Your Neighborhood". The Institute for Regional Conservation, Miami. Retrieved 24 March 2011.
"plants.usda.gov". US Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 24 March 2011.
"Sophora tomentosa (a shrub) - endangered species listing". New South Wales Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water. Archived from the original on 30 July 2008. Retrieved 24 March 2011.