Peganum

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Sapindales

Familia: Nitrariaceae
Genus: Peganum
Species: P. harmala – P. mexicanum – P. multisectum – P. nigellastrum
Name

Peganum L. Sp. Pl. 1: 444. (1753)

Type species: Peganum harmala L. Sp. Pl. 1: 444–445. (1753)

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 444. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2016. Peganum. Published online. Accessed: Feb. 27 2016.
Tropicos.org 2016. Peganum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 27 Feb. 2016.

Peganum L. is a genus under the recently separated family Nitrariaceae.[1] Formerly it used to be included in the family Zygophyllaceae.
Phylogeny and Species

The genus has around five species, occurring in warm temperate to subtropical regions across the world:

Peganum harmala L. (Harmal or Syrian rue) — Mediterranean region east to China
Peganum mexicanum Gray — Mexico
Peganum multisectum (Maxim.) Bobrov — China, Mongolia
Peganum nigellastrum Bunge — China
Peganum texanum M.E.Jones — southern North America

Phylogenetic data suggests the following relationships:[2][3]
 

	Nitraria (outgroup)
Peganum	P. multisectum       P. harmala     P. nigellastrum

 
 
 
References

Sheahan, M.C.; Chase, M.W. (1996). "A phylogenetic analysis of Zygophyllaceae R. Br. based on morphological anatomical and rbcL DNA sequence data". Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122 (4): 279–300. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb02077.x.
Zhang; Chi (2019). "The complete chloroplast genome of Peganum harmala". Mitochondrial DNA Part B. 4 (1): 1784–1785. doi:10.1080/23802359.2019.1612289.
Zhao; Wang; Branford-White; Wang (2011). "Classification and differentiation of the genus Peganum indigenous to China based on chloroplast trnL‐F and psbA‐trnH sequences and seed coat morphology". Plant Biology. 13 (6): 940–947. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00455.x. PMID 21972911.