Lithophragma

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Saxifragales

Familia: Saxifragaceae
Tribus: Heuchereae
Genus: Lithophragma
Species: L. affine – L. bolanderi – L. campanulatum – L. cymbalaria – L. glabrum – L. heterophyllum – L. maximum – L. parviflorum – L. tenellum – L. trifoliatum
Name

Lithophragma (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray, Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(4): 583. (1840)

Type species: Lithophragma parviflorum (Hook.) Nutt., Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(4): 584. (1840)

Synonyms

Basionym
Tellima sect. Lithofragma Nutt.
Heterotypic
Pleurendotria Raf.

References

Torrey, J. & Gray, A. 1840. Flora of North America 1: 583.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Lithophragma in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Nov. 3. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Lithophragma. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 3 2020.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Lithophragma in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.
Tropicos.org 2020. Lithophragma. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 3 Nov. 2020.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Lithophragma in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
English: Woodland Stars
suomi: Tähdikkeet

Lithophragma is a genus of flowering plants in the saxifrage family containing about nine species native to western North America. These plants are known generally as woodland stars. The petals of the flowers are usually bright white with deep, long lobes or teeth. Each petal may look like three to five petals, when at closer inspection the lobes fuse into a single petal at its base. Most species reproduce via bulblets instead of seeds. L. maximum is a federally listed endangered species. Lithophragma specifically coevolved with moths of the genus Greya, who pollinate and only lay eggs on Lithophragma plants.[1]
Species

There are 9 species. The Flora of North America North of Mexico counts 10 species, elevating L. parviflorum var. trifoliatum to species status,[2] but the Jepson Manual considers it to be a variety of L. parviflorum restricted to California.[3]

Lithophragma affine - San Francisco woodland star
Lithophragma bolanderi - Bolander's woodland star
Lithophragma campanulatum - Siskiyou Mountain woodland star
Lithophragma cymbalaria - mission woodland star
Lithophragma glabrum - bulbous woodland star
Lithophragma heterophyllum - hillside woodland star
Lithophragma maximum - San Clemente Island woodland star
Lithophragma parviflorum - smallflower woodland star
Lithophragma tenellum - slender woodland star

References

"Diverse scents of woodland star wildflowers driven by coevolution with pollinators". phys.org. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
"Flora of North America". eFloras.org. Retrieved 2014-06-03.
"Jepson Manual". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2014-06-03.