Diarthron

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Malvales

Familia: Thymelaeaceae
Genus: Diarthron
Species: D. altaicum – D. antoniniae – D. arenarium – D. caucasicum – D. iranicum – D. issykkulense – D. lessertii – D. linearifolium – D. linifolium – D. macrorhachis – D. magakjanii – D. tarbagataicum – D. tianschanicum – D. turkmenorum – D. vesiculosum
Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Diarthron in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Dec 6. Reference page.

Name

Diarthron Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 4: 204 (1832)
Synonymy

Dendrostellera (C.A.Mey.) Tiegh. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 40: 74 (1893)
Stelleropsis Pobed. Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 148 (1950)

References
Primary references

Turczaninow, N.S. 1832. Decades tres plantarum novarum Chinae boreali et Mongoliae chinensi incolarum. Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 4: 180-206. BHL Reference page.

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Diarthron. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Dec. 6. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Diarthron. Published online. Accessed: December 6 2020.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Diarthron in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 December 6. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Diarthron. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 6 December 2020.

Diarthron is a genus of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae. The precise limits of the genus are uncertain. When broadly circumscribed to include Dendrostellera and Stelleropsis, it consists of annual and perennial herbaceous plants and small shrubs, with reddish, white or green flowers lacking petals, and is found in central and south-west Asia and south-east Europe.

Description

When broadly circumscribed (i.e. including Dendrostellera and Stelleropsis), Diarthron is a genus of annual or perennial herbaceous plants or short deciduous shrubs. Prior to a review in 1982, only the annual species were placed in Diarthron, with the perennial herbs being in Stelleropsis and the shrubs in Dendrostellera. The flowers lack petals. There are usually four (sometimes five) sepals, united at the base into a tube with lobes at the end, reddish, white or green in colour. The ovary has a single chamber (locule). The fruit is dry with the seed enclosed in a thin glossy black pericarp.[2]
Taxonomy

The genus Diarthron was first described in 1832 by Nikolai Turczaninow for the species Diarthron linifolium. Many species were added to the genus in 1982 by Kit Tan, being transferred from related genera.[3][4] A 2006 study suggested that as circumscribed, Diarthron is not monophyletic, so that Dendrostellera and Stelleropsis which Tan had merged into Diarthron should be reinstated.[5] Studies in 2002 and 2009, based on chloroplast DNA, placed Diarthron in a small group of related genera, sister to a clade consisting of Thymelaea and Daphne; however for most genera only one species was included.[6][7]
 
 

	Edgeworthia         Wikstroemia     Stellera         Diarthron       Thymelaea     Daphne

 
 
Species

The Plant List (version 1.1, September 2013) recognizes the following species:[8]

Diarthron altaica (Thiéb.-Bern.) Kit Tan
Diarthron antoniniae (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron arenaria (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron caucasica (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron iranica (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron issykkulensis (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron lessertii (Wikstr.) Kit Tan
Diarthron linearifolia (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron linifolium Turcz.
Diarthron macrorhachis (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron magakjanii (Sosn.) Kit Tan
Diarthron tarbagataica (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron tianschanica (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron turkmenorum (Pobed.) Kit Tan
Diarthron vesiculosum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) C.A.Mey.

Distribution

Diarthron species are found in central and south-west Asia, and in south-east Europe, including the European part of Russia. [2]
References

"Plant Name Details for Diarthron Turcz.", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2017-11-26
Wang, Yinzheng & Gilbert, Michael G., "Diarthron", in Wu, Zhengyi; Raven, Peter H. & Hong, Deyuan (eds.), Flora of China (online), eFloras.org, retrieved 2017-11-26
"Search for Diarthron", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2017-11-26
Tan, K. (1982), "Studies in the Thymelaeaceae III: the status of Diarthron, Dendrostellera, Stelleropsis and Stellera", Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 40: 213–221, cited in Galicia-Herbada (2006)
Galicia-Herbada, D. (2006), "Origin and diversification of Thymelaea (Thymelaeaceae): inferences from a phylogenetic study based on ITS (rDNA) sequences", Plant Systematics and Evolution, 257 (3–4): 159–187, doi:10.1007/s00606-005-0371-z
van der Bank, Michelle; Fay, Michael F. & Chase, Mark W. (2002), "Molecular Phylogenetics of Thymelaeaceae with particular reference to African and Australian genera", Taxon, 51 (2): 329–339, JSTOR 1554930
Beaumont, Angela J.; Edwards, Trevor J.; Manning, John; Maurin, Olivier; Rautenbach, Marline; Motsi, Moleboheng C.; Fay, Michael F.; Chase, Mark W. & Van Der Bank, Michelle (2009), "Gnidia (Thymelaeaceae) is not monophyletic: taxonomic implications for Thymelaeoideae and a partial new generic taxonomy for Gnidia", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 160 (4): 402–417, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00988.x
"Search results for Diarthron", The Plant List, retrieved 2017-11-26