Cyclocarya

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Juglandaceae
Subfamilia: Juglandoideae
Genus: Cyclocarya
Species: C. paliurus
Source(s) of checklist: 
Name

Cyclocarya Iljinsk. Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 115 (1953)
Synonyms

Homotypic
Pterocarya subgen. Cyclocarya (Iljinsk.) W.E.Manning, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 102 (4): 165 (1975).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: China
China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, SE-Yunnan, Zhejiang); Taiwan

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Iljinskaja, I. A. (1953). Trudy Botanicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR. Ser. 1. Flora i Sistematika Vyssikh Rastenii. Moscow & Leningrad 10: 115.

Additional references

Govaerts, R. 1999. World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b). 1532 pp.. MIM, Deurne. ISBN 90-5720-098-8 (issue 1), ISBN 90-5720-099-6 (issue 2b). Reference page. 

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Cyclocarya in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Mar 02. Reference page. 
Hassler, M. 2022. Cyclocarya. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Mar 02. Reference page. 
Tropicos.org 2022. Cyclocarya. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 02 Mar 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Mar 02. Published online. Accessed: 2022.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Cyclocarya in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names

Cyclocarya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Juglandaceae, comprising a single species Cyclocarya paliurus (qing qian liu[1] or wheel wingnut), formerly treated in the genus Pterocarya as Pterocarya paliurus. It is native to eastern and central China.[2][1]

It is a deciduous tree growing to 30 m tall. The foliage is similar to Pterocarya, with pinnate leaves 20–25 cm long with five to eleven leaflets, the terminal leaflet present; the leaflets are 5–14 cm long and 2–6 cm broad. The flowers are catkins; the male (pollen) catkins are produced in clusters (not singly as in Pterocarya), the female catkins 25–30 cm long at maturity, bearing several small winged nuts with a circular wing 2.5–6 cm diameter right round the nut (instead of two wings at the sides as in Pterocarya).[2][1]
Fossil record

20 fossil endocarps of †Cyclocarya nemejcii from the early Miocene, have been found in the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia, the Czech Republic.[3] Described first from the Middle Miocene of Japan †Cyclocarya ezoana is also known from the Middle Miocene Seldovia Point Flora of Alaska. 10 Ma old fossil leaflets that are very similar to it have been found in Tröllatunga-Gautshamar Formation in Iceland. The Icelandic fossils and †C. ezoana are similarb to †C. cyclocarpa from the Early Miocene of Germany.[4]

References

Flora of China: Cyclocarya paliurus
Flora of China: Cyclocarya
A review of the early Miocene Mastixioid flora of the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia, The Czech Republic, January 2012 by F. Holý, Z. Kvaček and Vasilis Teodoridis - ACTA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Series B – Historia Naturalis • vol. 68 • 2012 • no. 3–4 • pp. 53–118
Late Cainozoic Floras of Iceland: 15 Million Years of Vegetation and Climate History in the Northern North Atlantic by Thomas Denk, Friðgeir Grimsson, Reinhard Zetter and Leifur A. Símonarson - Springer Science & Business Media, 28. mar. 2011 - 854 pages