Backus–Gilbert method

In mathematics, the Backus–Gilbert method, also known as the optimally localized average (OLA) method is named for its discoverers, geophysicists George E. Backus and James Freeman Gilbert. It is a regularization method for obtaining meaningful solutions to ill-posed inverse problems. Where other regularization methods, such as the frequently used Tikhonov regularization method, seek to impose smoothness constraints on the solution, Backus–Gilbert instead seeks to impose stability constraints, so that the solution would vary as little as possible if the input data were resampled multiple times. In practice, and to the extent that is justified by the data, smoothness results from this.

References

Backus, G.E., and Gilbert, F. 1968, "The Resolving power of Gross Earth Data," Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 16, pp. 169–205.
Backus, G.E., and Gilbert, F. 1970, "Uniqueness in the Inversion of inaccurate Gross Earth Data," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A, vol. 266, pp. 123–192.
Press, WH; Teukolsky, SA; Vetterling, WT; Flannery, BP (2007). "Section 19.6. Backus–Gilbert Method". Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing (3rd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-88068-8.

Mathematics Encyclopedia